$H At. Egypt
|
An Egyptian title corresponding to that of
"chief" or "prince." (1876c1) |
|
A town in the ninth, or Panopolite
nome, of |
$H Ata. Egypt
|
A king of the Ist
dynasty, of whom nothing else is known except that his name occurs on the
second Table of Abydos. (1876c1) |
|
An Egyptian lady, who was perhaps the daug=
hter
of Sutenrekh-Ata a king of the Vth
dynasty.(1876c1) |
$H Atach‑gah. Persian
|
Pers. The fire‑altar of the ancient Persians;
mentioned in the writings of Pausanias and |
$H At Gaze. Heraldry
|
(Her.) Full‑faced, said=
of an
animal of the chase. (1891a1) |
|
Her. Said of animals=
of the
chase "standing still and looking about them." (1883m1) |
$H Atahat. Egypt
|
An Egyptian district situated on the great
road from Coptos to the |
$H Atahuti I. Egypt
|
The son of Menes,
king of |
$H Atahuti II. <=
span
style=3D'mso-spacerun:yes'> Egypt
|
The third king of |
$H Atai. Egypt
|
An island or country to the South of Egypt=
. It
is not yet certainly identified. (1876c1) |
|
The Egyptian name of an unidentified Asiat=
ic
country. (1876c1) |
|
Another name of the city called Busiris by the Greeks. (1876c1) |
$H Ataiuhai. Egypt
|
A lord of Coptos, by
whom the Hieroglyphic inscriptions at El-Hamamat
were set up in the reign of Darius Hystaspes.
Possibly the same as the following. (1876c1) |
$H Ataiuhi. Egypt
|
A Perso-Egypti=
an
officer, the son of Artames. He held a high
position in |
$H Ataka. Egypt
|
A place which was famous in the time of |
$H Atakheramen. =
|
An Ethiopian king, whose place is uncertain. (1876c1) |
$H Atamen. Egypt
|
A town to the West of the Delta, near the =
site
ofthe modern |
$H Atamennuterhekten. Egypt
|
The surname of Ramese=
s
VII. of the XXth d=
ynasty.
(1876c1) |
$H Atared. Arabia
|
In ancient Arabian mythology the name of t=
he
planet Mercury, adored as a divinity. (1876c1) |
$H Atargatis. Syria
|
A Syrian goddess,
also called Derketo. Herodotus identifies her=
with
Aphrodite Urania. She presided over love and
generation, and was regarded as the begetter of the universe, and also as=
a
feminine form of the deity Hadad. Her chief t=
emples
were at |
$H Atarmatu.
|
A country to the South of Egypt not certai=
nly identified.
(1876c1) |
$H Ataruamterhemutranu.= "Names never revealed."
|
The name of a mystical deity who is mentio=
ned
in the CLXVth chapter of the Ritual of the De=
ad.
(1876c1) |
$H Atavism. Anthropology
|
A term used by modern anthropologists to
describe the tendency which exists in a race or tribe to revert occasiona=
lly
to the characteristics of the primitive type. (1876c1) |
$H Atchidu.
|
A district of Armenia (?) where the army o=
f Dadarses the rebel was defeated by the army of Dari=
us Hystaspes under Vomises=
for the
fourth time. See Tigra and Zoza. (1876c1=
) |
$H Atef. Egypt
|
An
Egyptian title, signifying "father." It was often used in the
composition of proper names. (1876c1) |
|
The
mother of Nunnu, an Egyptian officer in the <=
span
class=3DSpellE>XVIIIth dynasty. (1876c1)=
|
--- $H Atef Crown.
|
See CROWNS.
(1902b1) |
|
The crown generally worn by Amen Ra. It
consisted chiefly of two upright ostrich feathers beside a tall white cap,
with the ram's horns, uraei and solar disk in
front. It was supposed to represent the |
$H Atefaamen. Egypt
|
A son of Rameses II.
of the XIXth dynas=
ty.
(1876c1) |
$H Atef Amen. "Father of Amen." Egypt
|
Ason of Rameses II. of the XIXth dynasty. (1876c1) |
$H Atefkhent. Egypt
|
A town in the thirteenth or Upper Lycopolite nome of |
$H Atefnebma. Egypt
|
The father of Merira<=
/span>,
an Egyptian captain of the XVIIIth dynasty.
(1876c1) |
$H Atefnofre. Egypt
|
The brother of the scribe Horemkhu,
which see. (1876c1) |
$H Atefnuter Aui. Or Atefnuter Ai. [or Ai] See Ai (1876c1).
|
Atefnuter Ai. A king of |
$H Atefte. Egypt
|
The name of an unidentified nome in |
$H Ateh. Egypt
|
An unidentified city in |
$H Atekhramun. <= span style=3D'mso-spacerun:yes'>
|
An unidentified Ethiopian king. (1876c1) |
$H Atelier.
|
Atelier. <=
/span>A French t=
erm
denoting the workroom of sculptors or painters. [Studio.] (1891a1) |
|
Atelier. A=
term
derived from the French, and applied specially to the workroom of sculpto=
rs
and painters, which are also called STUDIOS. The Dutch and Flemish painte=
rs
have delighted to portray their ateliers. Many of the ATELIERS of the old
masters, Titian, Raffaelle, Michael Angelo, and others, were the resort of
princes, nobles, men of letters, and kindred artists; they also served as=
SCHOOLS
of Art, after the manner of academies, but much more efficiently, for the
purposes of instruction; this custom has been adopted in modern times by
Overbeck, Paul de la Roche, Couture, and others. (1855f1) |
$H Atellanae. Roman
|
Atellanae (sc. fabulae),
R. A farce, so called from its having
originated in Atella,
a city of the Osci, in |
$H Atem. Egypt
|
The name of the mother goddess of time in = the CLXVth chapter of the Ritual of the Dead. (1876c1)<= o:p> |
$H Atemmer. Egypt
|
A place in the seventh, or Phathyrite
nome, of |
$H Aten. Egypt
|
The name given to the solar di=
sk,
the worship of which under that name was the chief cult under Amen-hetep IV. (Khu-en-Aten)=
, who
tried to make it the religion of the country. =
Until
this period the Aten had rarely stood alone,
although the phrase "Ra in his Aten"=
; is
not uncommon. The god is always represented as the solar disk with rays
extending from it, each terminating in a hand, and never in human form. T=
he
hands usually hold the
|
![](3D"at_files/image017.jpg")
![](3D"at_files/image018.jpg")
$H Aten-Nefru. &=
quot;The
most lovely Disk." Egypt
|
The name under which the special worship of
the solar deity Aten Ra was introduced to the
Egyptians by Amenhotep III., at the instigati=
on of
his queen Taia. (1876c1) |
$H Aten Ra. Egypt
|
The name of the deity of the Solar Disk, w=
ho
was originally one of the minor deities of the Egyptian mythology. He was
represented as a solar disk giving forth rays, each of which terminated i=
n a
hand holding the cross of life. In the time of Amenh=
otep
IV. the wife of that monarch, Queen Taia, attempted to make absolute and universal the
worship of Aten Ra, whom she maintained to be=
the
same as the Syrian deity Adon Ra, or Adon-ai. The king at first slowly introduced the ne=
w form
of deity under the name of Aten-nefru, and th=
en
gradually declared the sun under that name to be the supreme deity alike =
of |
$H Ateshgahs.
|
The Zendic nam=
e of
the fire temples of Ahuramazda. (1876c1) |
$H Ateta. Egypt
|
A king of the Ist
dynasty, whose name is given on the second Table of =
Abydos.
See also Teta,
which is another manner of reading the same name. (1876c1) |
$H Ath. Egypt
|
The Uu of the nineteenth, or Aphrodit=
opolite
nome, of |
$H Athaankhtsenbt. Egypt
|
A priest of Apis. He
was the son of Nofretumirihotep, and he lived=
in
the time of the XXVIth dynasty. (1876c1) |
$H Athal.
|
An Arabian mountain in the Neged
or South country. It was the Jetur of Hebrew
writers. (1876c1) |
$H Athenaeum.
|
A university for lit=
erary
and scientific studies at |
|
A building in which the philosophers of antiquity met, and poets and orators publicly read their wor=
ks.
In modern times this word, like |
$H Athene.
|
Among the Greeks the virgin goddess of gentleness, wisdo=
m,
and art, an a above all the protectress
of |
$H Athenegozmaea.
|
The Greek form of the name of an unidentif=
ied Nabathean goddess. (1876c1) |
$H Athhetsa. Egypt
|
The Egyptian name of an unidentified town.
(1876c1) |
$H Athlete.
|
Athlete. <=
/span>The combat=
ants in
the Greek games provided Greek artists with their finest models. Many sta=
tues
of athletes have come down to us, and are marked by distinct characterist=
ics,
such as short hair, sturdy limbs, powerfully developed body, and small he=
ads.
Athletes are also often represented with their attributes on Greek vases.=
The
study of the athletic type exercised a decided and important influence on
Greek art. ILLUS.<=
span
lang=3DEN-GB style=3D'mso-ansi-language:EN-GB;mso-no-proof:no'>
|
|
Athlete. (Lat.)
Wrestlers and pugilists, who made trial of their strength in gymnastic ga=
mes,
striving to gain the victory over their rivals, and to obtain the prize o=
f success. The gymnastic
Art was that which strengthened and fortified the body, according to rules
and principles; the agonistic=
, that
which exercised and preserved that strength by means of games; the athletic, that which became,
particularly in later times, a separate trade, striving and attaining, by=
the
aid of science, the highest degree of bodily strength. In ancient times, =
athletae had
the same meaning as agonistae.
Gymnastics are that part of Grecian manners which, from a natural alliance
with plastic Art, has been the best represented by Art; and although the
greater part of ancient works are lost to us, we have many representation=
s of
ATHLETAE left in marble copies, reliefs, pain=
tings
on vases and on gems. Short curling hair, strong limbs, a vigorous
development of form, and proportionably small=
heads,
characterise these figures the crushed ears a=
nd
prominent muscles mark especially the pugilistic and pancratiastic.
The representation of individual form and of characte=
ristic
movements in combat were the principal requisites in ancient Art, =
and
these are often exemplified with perfect truthfulness by the statues in <=
span
class=3DSpellE>honour of the victors. The ATHLETAE are also freque=
ntly
represented in a simple, quiet posture, and in actions common to all
gymnastic combatants, such as anointing the body with oil (performed in t=
he
gymnasia by the Aliptae), praying for victory=
, and
encircling the head with the victorious wreath. * F=
IGURE * =
The
statue recently discovered at
|
![](3D"at_files/image019.gif")
![](3D"at_files/image020.gif")
$H Athlophoroi. =
Egypt
|
The Greek name of the standard-bearers of =
the
Egyptian kings. Their duty was to carry the emblems of victory before the
monarch. Their Egyptian title has not yet been found on the monuments.
(1876c1) |
$H Athotes. Or Athothes.
|
A most ancient king of |
$H Athothes. Egypt
|
The successor of Mene=
s,
and second king of |
$H Athribis. Egypt
|
Greek
name for Het=
-ta herabt<=
/i>, the
capital of the tenth nome of |
|
A city and nome in |
$H Athtor Dhu Kabdh.
|
Athtor Dhu Kabdh. "Athtor of the East." An
Himyaritic deity, worshipped at the town of |
$H Athtor Dhu Yahrak.
|
Another and a local name of the Himyaritic deity Athtor.
(1876c1) |
$H Athu.
|
The Egyptian name of the city of |
$H Athyr. Egypt
|
|
|
The third =
month of
the Egyptian sacred year. It began about the 18th of September. (1876c1)<=
/span> |
$H Ati. Egypt
|
An Egyptian functionary of the XIXth dynasty. (1876c1) |
|
A city and nome, the
ninth, of |
|
The first king of the VIth
Egyptian dynasty. He reigned thirty years, and was assassinated by his
guards. He was the Othoes of the Greeks. (187=
6c1) |
$H Atim. Egypt
|
The mother of Mentuho=
tep
IV., of the XIth dynasty. (1876c1) |
$H Atimer. Egypt
|
The Pehu of the second, or Latopolite=
nome, of |
$H Atimy. Greece
|
Among the ancient Greeks the act of exclud=
ing
any person from holding a public office by a disqualifying decree. (1876c=
1) |
$H Atinmerit. Egypt
|
An Egyptian queen, possibly a daughter of =
Amenhotep IV., as her husband, whose name is not yet
known, succeeded that monarch on the throne of |
$H Atlantes. Architecture, Greek & Roman
|
Atlantes. (Arch.) The athletic figures in a standing or kne=
eling
posture, employed as supports in some ancient Greek temples. The word is
derived from Atlas, whom the
ancients figured as holding the earth on his shoulders. In Roman buildings
these figures were called Telamones. The tepidarium in
the public baths at
|
|
Atlantes. Gr. and R. (from =
J8=
<=
"4[=3Dtlenae]).
Human figures so called, in allusion to the story of the Titan Atlas, whi=
ch
were employed instead of columns to support entablatures (Fig. 47). The L=
atin
equivalent for the term is TELAMONES. Similar female figures were CARYATIDES. Fig. 47. On=
e of
the Atlantes of the Theatre of Bacchus at
|
|
Atlantes, =
Telamones, Perces, Gigan=
tes,
are the athletic male statues which we find as supports of parts of ancie=
nt buildings;
female figures for the same purpose were called CARYATIDES; they are not
exact imitations of nature, but their use is sufficiently justified by the
antique. They were only employed when pillars were too insignificant for =
the
erections; they are suitable to a rich style, to small screens, fountains,
for supporting a gallery, and to take the place of an upper row of pillar=
s:
these should not appear heavy, but their expression should be one of grac=
eful
freedom. FIGURE(1855f1)
|
![](3D"at_files/image021.gif")
![](3D"at_files/image022.gif")
![](3D"at_files/image023.gif")
$H Atlas.
|
One of the several d=
evices
adopted by Philip II. of
|
![](3D"at_files/image024.gif")
$H Atma. Egypt
|
The Egyptian name of a country, which is by
some Egyptologists supposed to have been |
$H Atmoo. Egypt
|
Another reading of the name of the Egyptian
deity Atum, which see. (1876c1) |
$H Atmu. [See Tum - Editor]
$H Atniku. Mesopotamia<=
/st1:place>
|
A Mesopotamian people, who were conquered =
by |
$H Atonatiuh. Mexico
|
Atonatiuh. "The Sun of the Waters." The Na= me Given In Mexican Mythology To The First Age Of The World, Which Was Terminated By A Deluge. (1876c1) |