$H Bal. Egypt
|
A form of Baal, worshipped in =
the
eastern part of the Delta, with a temple at |
$H Bala.
|
A city near |
$H Baladu.=
|
The governor of Siban=
iba,
in the reign of Vulnirari III. He was eponym =
of the
year B.C. 787, the chief events in which were an expedition to Matai, and=
the
consecration of a new temple to the god Nabu.
(1876c1) |
$H
Balance or Scales. Symbol & Painting
|
In Christian symboli=
sm the
balance symbolizes the Last Judgment. The Scales and Sword are also,
generally, the attribute of personified Justice.(1883m1) |
|
(1.) The emblem of Justice, which is often represented a=
s a
female figure blind‑folded and holding a balance. It is also the
attribute of the archangel St. Michael, who is pictured weighing human so=
uls
in a balance.(1891a1) |
|
(2.) (Paint.) A synonym for equilibrium. In a picture we=
say
that the composition is well‑balanced, or that the groups of figures
have balance when the work is harmonious and when the lights and shades a=
re
in equal masses.(1891a1) |
$H Balandrana.
|
A large cloak, of the 12th and 13th centuries.(188= 3m1) |
$H Balasi.=
Chaldaea
|
An early Chaldean astronomer, some observations by whom have been preserved. The name is the same as that which is rendered Belasis by the Greek historians. (1876c1)<= o:p> |
$H Balasu.=
Chaldaea
|
A Chaldean
nobleman. He was the father of Nabusalim king of the Dakkusi, which names
see. (1876c1) |
$H Balayn. Old English
|
O.E. Whalebone for crests of helmets.(1883m1) |
$H Balbasu. "Bel is to be."(?=
)
|
The name of an early Assyrian tax collecto=
r. See Kaptiya=
.
(1876c1) |
$H
Balcony.=
Architecture
|
(Arch.) A projecting platform on the outside wall of a
building. Balconies are provided with balustrades of wood, stone, or iron,
and are supported by props of wood or iron, or in the case of more ambiti=
ous
structures, by consoles of stone. In theatrical architecture the galleries
which run round the theatre am called balconies.
ILLUS. balcony(1891a1)
|
![](3D"bal_files/image025.gif")
$H Baldachin.
|
It. A canopy of wood=
, stone,
or metal over seats and other places of honour,
common also over fireplaces and beds, and carried in coronation and other
processions over the most honoured persons.(1=
883m1) |
$H Baldachino.
|
A richly ornamented canopy, supported by columns, suspen=
ded
from the roof or projecting from the wall. The balda=
chino
of St. Peter's at
|
![](3D"bal_files/image026.gif")
![](3D"bal_files/image027.gif")
$H Baldric,
Baudrier, or Baudrick.
|
Baldric, Baudrier, or Baudrick. O.E. A girdle or sas= h, usually a belt of leather, and worn over the shoulder. They were sometimes hung with bells. (See BALTEUS.)(1883m1) |
|
Baldric. A broad belt attached to the shoulder and passed
diagonally across the body on to the opposite hip, by which swords, dagge=
rs,
&c., were suspended. It was frequently ornamented with jewels, and
denoted the rank of the wearer: on battle‑fields surgeons wore it, =
and
so were marked out for special protection. ILLUS. baldric(1891a1)
|
![](3D"bal_files/image028.gif")
$H Baldur.
|
In Scandinavian mythology the beautiful and
bright god of the summer season. He was slain by treachery by Loki a wick=
ed
demon, by means of an arrow taken from the mistletoe tree. At his death t=
he
deities and all nature wept. (1876c1) |
$H Balea, Balia. Mediaeval
|
Med. Lat. (from $V88T[=3Dballo], to thro=
w). (1) A
sling. (2) A ballista. From t=
heir
skill in the use of slings, the inhabitants of Majorca, |
$H Bales. Old English
|
O.E. (Lat. balascus; Fr. balais). An inferior k=
ind of
ruby.(1883m1) |
$H Baleyn. (See BALAYN.) (1883m1)
$H Balista. (See BALLISTA.) (1883m1)
$H Balistaapectore. Mediaeval
|
Med. Lat. A hand cro=
ss‑bow.(1883m1) |
$H Balistrariae.= Mediaeval
|
Med. Lat., Arch. Cru=
ciform
openings in the wall of a fortress to shoot quarrels through from cross&#=
8209;bows.(1883m1) |
$H Balistarium.<= span style=3D'mso-spacerun:yes'> (See Ballistar= ium). (1883m1)
$H Ball Egypt
|
See Toys.(1902b1) |
$H Balletys or Tuptai. Greek
|
Gr. A ceremony consisting in a mock combat with st= ones, which took place at the Eleusinian festival.(1883m1) |
$H Ball=
209;flower. Architectural ornament
|
An ornament characte=
ristic
of the Decorated style of the 14th century. It represents the "knop" of a flower. Ball‑flowers may be seen in the Cathedrals of Bristol, =
|
|
(Arch.) An ornament frequently employed in Gothic
architecture, consisting of a bead or ball partially enclosed in a round =
cup
or flower, sometimes perfectly spherical, sometimes open. The name is also
given to any projecting circular decoration, either plain or ornamented. =
ILLUS. ball=
flow(1891a1)
|
![](3D"bal_files/image029.gif")
![](3D"bal_files/image030.gif")
$H Ballista or Balista (pl. =3D -ae). &nbs= p; G= raeco-Roman
|
Ballista or Balista, Gr. and R. ($V88T[=3Dballo], to thro=
w). A
military engine for hurling large missiles. It was constructed of wood, a=
nd
consisted of two uprights connected horizontally by a double cross‑=
beam.
Strands of twisted fibre formed the motive po=
wer of
the engine, which was fitted with an iron groove. The cord was drawn back=
by
men, with the aid of a drum or pulleys. The ancient =
balista
was used to shoot stones; the
catapult to project heavy darts. Some balistae
threw stones weighing three cwt. The mediaeval balis=
tae
threw quarrels or stones.(1883m1) |
$H Ballistarium or Balistarium. Greek & Roman
|
Gr. and R. A shed or
magazine in which ballistae w=
ere
kept.(1883m1) [Editor: ballistae =3D Military =
engines
for hurling large missiles. |
$H Ballistraria.
|
An opening in a wall in the shape of a cross. These
cruciform loopholes were especially designed for the discharge of missiles
from crossbows. It was possible to shoot arrows from them in several
directions; on the inside they were often splayed. ILLUS. ballistr=
(1891a1)
|
![](3D"bal_files/image031.gif")
$H Ballium, or Bailey. Mediaeval architecture
|
Ballium. Med. Lat. (1) (from Ital. battaglia) The Bailey or courtyard of a castle.=
(2)
The bulwark which contained such a Bailey.(1883m1) |
|
Ballium, or Bailey. (Arch.) Th=
e area
situated between the outer walls of a fortress or castle and the keep. So=
me
mediaeval castles had double ballia, an examp=
le of
which is to be seen in the |
$H Balneae or Balineae. (See BALNEUM.) (1883m1)
$H Balnearia. Roman
|
R. A general term fo=
r all
the utensils used in a bath, such as strigils=
, unguentaria, guttae,=
oils, perfumes, essences, &c.(188=
3m1) |
$H Balneum, Balneae, Thermae. Greek & Roman
|
Gr. and R. Balneum=
meant originally a tub or other
vessel to bathe in; next, the room in which it was placed; when there were
many such rooms the plural balnea was=
used.
Balneae<=
/span>
were the public baths, under the Republic, when they consisted of ordinary
baths of hot and cold water. Thermae we=
re the
magnificent and luxurious buildings adapted for the hot air system. They
contained (1) the Abodyterium, or dressing‑room; (2) th=
e Frigidarium, where the cold bath was taken;=
(3)
the Tepidari=
um,
a bath of warm air; (4) the Calda=
rium, with
a vapour bath at one end, a warm water bath a=
t the
other, and a Sudatorium, or sweating bath in the middle=
. The
pavement, called suspensura, was over a furnace, hypocaustum. The bathers were currycombed w=
ith strigils, which the Greeks called stlengis or xystra; and they dropped oil over their bodies from narrow‑ne=
cked
vessels called guttus or ampullae. The Thermae contained =
exedrae, or open‑air chambers, where philosophers lectured, and
libraries, and had gardens, and shady walks, and fountains, with statuary
attached to them. The ruins of the Thermae built by Titus, Caracalla=
,
and Domitian remain visible (Fig. 56). Fig. 56 Balneae. The Caldarium.(1883m1)
|
![](3D"bal_files/image032.gif")
$H Balon, Balein, Balayn. Old English
|
O.E. Whalebone.(1883m1) |
$H Balot. Or Aahlu Or Aoura . Egypt
|
Balot. =
Or Aahlu. In Egyptian myth=
ology
another name for the Elysian |
|
Aoura. Or Balot. A beautiful valley= in the Elysian Fields of the Egyptians, which had to be passed through by the deceased before his trial, by Osiris and the forty-two assessors. (1876c1= ) |
$H Balsam of Copaiba.
|
An oleo‑resin,=
used as
a varnish, and as a vehicle, =
for
oil‑painting.(1883m1) |
$H Balteolus. Dimin. =
of
BALTEUS (q.v.). (1883m1)
$H Balteus or Balteum. Roman
|
Balteus. The baldric of the Ro=
mans,
serving to support a sword or dagger. It was generally of leather, and
frequently ornamented with gold and gems. It was passed over the right
shoulder and under the left. ILLUS. balteus(1891a1)
|
|
Balteus or Balteum (a belt=
), R. (1) A baldric or wid=
e belt
which passed over one shoulder and beneath the other, for the purpose of
suspending a sword, buckler, or any other arm. (2) The ornament on =
the
baldric on which was marked the number of the legion to which a soldier
belonged. (3) A richly ornamen=
ted band
of leather placed round a horse's breast, below the MONILE, or throatR=
09;band
(q.v.). (4) The broad belt i=
n the
sphere, which contains the signs of the Zodiac. (5) The bands surrou=
nding
the volutes of an Ionic capital. (6) The praecinctiones, or small walls, or parapets,
separating the different tiers in a theatre or amphitheatre. (Generally a
BELT.)(1883m1) |
![](3D"bal_files/image033.gif")
$H Baltheus. Mediaeval
|
Med. Lat. for
BALTEUS.(1883m1) |
$H Baltilishur.
|
An Elamite cit=
y,
which was destroyed by Sennacherib. (1876c1) |
$H Baluste=
r.
|
A part of a balustrade in the form of a small cylindrical
column terminated at the neck by a hemisphere, to which it is attached by=
a
splay. The capital and base of a baluster are enriched by projecting
mouldings. In, Renaissance buildings balusters are found of very varied f=
orm.
They are sometimes even square, and their surface is often covered with s=
culptured
reliefs. ILLUS. baluster(1891a1)
|
|
A small pillar, swel=
ling in
the centre or towards the base.(1883m1) |
![](3D"bal_files/image034.gif")
--- $H Balusters,
Interlaced. Architecture
|
(Arch.) Are those which are connected by a system of
ornamentation.(1891a1) |
--- $H Balusters,
False. <=
span
style=3D'mso-spacerun:yes'> Architecture
|
(Arch.) A balustrade which is not pierced.(1891a1) |
$H Balustr=
ade. <=
span
lang=3DEN-GB style=3D'mso-ansi-language:EN-GB'> Architecture
|
Arch. An enclosure or
parapet composed of ballisters (q.v.), and by
analogy, an enclosure consisting of any other ornament, such as trefoils,
carved work, &c. Fig. 57 represents a balustrade of the pointed Gothic
style. Fig. 57. Balustrade.(1883m1)
|
|
The front of a gallery, composed of stone, wood, or iron.
Balustrades of wood are employed in the balconies and staircases of dwell=
ing
houses. Iron balustrades, of which the last century has left us some fine
specimens, are used for balconies and staircases, and are often superb in
design. Balustrades of stone are used in public buildings; their form and
ornament varies according to the order of architecture to which the build=
ing,
in which they are introduced, belongs. In Gothic architecture balustrades
sometimes bear the name of gallery, and are ornamented with interlaced
mullions, resembling the tracery of the period to which they belong. ILLUS. balu=
stra(1891a1)
|
![](3D"bal_files/image035.gif")
![](3D"bal_files/image036.gif")
$H Bambino=
. <=
span
lang=3DEN-GB style=3D'mso-ansi-language:EN-GB'>
|
It. A babe. Image of=
the
infant Christ.(1883m1) |
|
A name given in artistic phraseology to representations =
of
the Infant Christ wrapped in swaddling clothes and bound round by ligatur=
es,
according to the custom prevailing in Southern Europe. In Italian paintin=
gs
bambini are often represented aureoled and
sometimes surrounded by angels.(1891a1) |
$H Bambocciata. Painting
|
It. The style of gen=
re
painting of Teniers, Van Ostade,
Wilkie, and others. It was introduced into |
|
(Paint.) A drawing or picture representing a grotesque or
rustic subject, such as Teniers or Van Ostade delighted in. This class of compositions was
brought into fashion by Pier van Laer, to who=
se
nickname, Il Bamboccio, the pictures owe their appellation. This painter flourished=
in
the 17th century. His humorous drawings were celebrated, while he himself=
was
grotesque on account of a physical deformity. The word is now but seldom
used.(1891a1) |
$H Bambyce.
|
An Aramaean ci=
ty,
the site of which is now called Kalessi. It w=
as the
|