$H Checkere. Old English

Checkere. O.E. A che= ss‑board.(1883m1)

$H Checkstone. Old English

Checkstone. O.E. A g= ame played by children with small round pebbles.(1883m1)

$H Checky. Heraldry

Checky, Her. (See CHEQUÉE.) (1883m1)

Checky. (Her.) A term used to describe a shield divided= into small squares. There are generally six rows of squares, and if there are = less the fact should be specified in describing the shield. ILLUS. checky(189= 1a1)

<= /o:p>

Chequée, Checky. Her. Having the field divided into contiguous rows of small squares; alternate= ly of a metal (or fur) and a colour.(1883m1)

$H Cheese.

Cheese. Chr. St. Augustine says that a sect called the Artotyrites offered bread and cheese in the Eucharist, saying "that the first oblations which were offered by men, in the infancy of the world, were of the fruit= s of the earth and of sheep." (Aug. de Haeres. c. xlviii.)(1883m1)

$H Chef‑d'oeuvre.<= span style=3D'mso-spacerun:yes'>

Chef d'oeuvre. [See Masterpiec= e.](1891a1)

Chef&= #8209;d'oeuvre. Fr. A work of the highest excellence.(1883m1)

Chef-d'oeuvre. (Fr.) A work of the highest excellence in itself, or relatively to the other wo= rks of the same artist. Thus the Apol= lo Belvidere, or the Transfigura= tion of Raffaelle, are chef-d'oeuvres<= /i> of sculpture and painting. (1855f1)

$H Chefren. Or Khefrenes. Egypt

Chefren. Or<= /i> Khefrenes. The Greek form of the royal name Shafra, which see. (1876c1)

$H Cheiron.

Cheiron. In Greek mythology Cheiron= is the kindly centaur to whom Achilles and Jason owed their education. He possessed nothing in common with the centaurs except his shape, and was skilled in all the sciences and arts.(1891a1)

$H Chekelatoun.<= span style=3D'mso-spacerun:yes'> (See CICLATOUN.) (1883m1)

$H Chekere. O.E. Chess (q.v.).(1883m1)

$H Chêlê.

Chêlê (<= /span>P08¬[=3Dchele], prob. f= rom a root = P"‑[cha‑], meaning cloven). This term is appl= ied to a great variety of objects; it signifies a cloven foot, a hooked claw, or= anything presenting a notched or serrated appearance. Thus a breakwater, the irreg= ular projections of which bore some resemblance to the teeth of an immense saw, was also called chêlê. There were, besides, various engines and machines which went under this name.(1883m1)=

$H Chelidoniacus.

Chelidoniacus sc. gladius= (from the Greek = P,84*ã<[=3Dchelidon], a sw= allow). A broad‑bladed sword with a double point like a swallow's tail.(1883m= 1)

$H Chelidonize.<= span style=3D'mso-spacerun:yes'>

Chelidonize Gr. (lit. to twitter like a swallow). Si= nging the "Swallow Song" (= P,= 84= *`= <4= F:= "[=3Dchelidonisma]), a popular song sung by the Rho= dian boys in the month Boedromion, on the return of the swallows, and made int= o an opportunity for begging. A similar song is still popular in Greece. (Fauriel, "Chants= de la Grèce.") (See CORONIZE.)(1883m1)

$H Cheliform.

Cheliform (P08¬[=3Dchele], a claw)= . In the form of a claw.(1883m1)

$H Chel Minar. Persia<= /p>

Chel Minar. Persepolis. (Now Chel Minar.) The chief town of ancient Persia. It was made the capital city of Darius Hystaspes and his successors. Persepolis<= /st2:City> was situated at the junction of the Araxes and Medus. Extensive ruins of its great build= ings still remain, with Cuneiform inscriptions commemorating the kings by whom they were erected. Persepolis fell into decay= after the conquest of Alexander. (1876c1)

$H Chelonium.

Chelonium (a tortois= e‑shell, from = P,8f<0[=3Dchelone], a tor= toise).

(1) A kind of cramp = or collar placed at the extremities of the uprights of certain machines.

(2) A part of a cata= pult, also called = pulvinus. (See CATAPULTA.)(1883m1)

$H Chelys.

Chelys (PX8LH[=3Dchelus], a tort= oise). (1) The lyre of Mercury, formed of strings stretch= ed across a tortoise‑shell. (2) In the 16th and 17th centuries, a bass= ‑viol and division‑viol were each called chelys. (See also TESTUDO.)(1883m1)

$H Chemise de Chartres.=

Chemise de Chartres. Fr. A kind of armour mentioned among the habiliments proper for knights who should engage in single combat. (Meyrick.)(1883m1)

$H Chemmis. Egypt

Chemmis. A nome in Upper Egypt held by the Hermotybian class of soldiers. (1876c1= )

Chemmis. The name erron= eously given by Diodorus Siculu= s to the founder of the great pyramid of Gizeh.= See Armaeus= and Chufu. (1876c1)

$H Chemosh.

Chemosh. The chief deity = of the Moabites, to whom human sacrifices were offered, and in whose honour the Moabite stone was erected by Mesha, king of Moab, the contemporary of Jehoshaphat, king of Judah. (1876c1)

$H Chemosh-gad.<= span style=3D'mso-spacerun:yes'>

Chemosh-gad. A king of Moab.= He reigned thirty years, and was succeeded by his son M= esha, who enlarged the kingdom, and rebuilt many of the towns which had fallen = into decay. (1876c1)

$H Chemosh-natbi.

Kemosh-natbi. Or Chemosh-natbi. A king of Moab who tendered tribute to Sennacherib upon his first invasion of Palestine. (187= 6c1)

$H Chem-tat-ef.<= span style=3D'mso-spacerun:yes'> Egypt

Chem-tat-ef. The son of an ea= rly Egyptian king. (1876c1)

$H Chenalopex. Egypt

Chenalopex. The species of g= oose which was worshipped as a sacred animal at Thebes, in Upper Egypt. (1876c1)

$H Chenbele. (See CEMBEL [h= astilude].) (1883m1)

$H Cheneres. Egypt

Cheneres<= /span>. A king of the IInd Thinite dynasty of= Egypt= , of whom nothing is recorded. (1876c1)

$H Cheng.

Cheng. Chinese. A mu= sical instrument, consisting of a box or bowl, into which a series of tubes of different length and pitch are inserted; the tubes have holes in them to = be played upon with the fingers.(1883m1)

$H Cheniscus or Chêniscus.

Chêniscus (P¬<[=3Dchen], a goose)= . An ornament placed at the bow, and sometimes the stern of ships. In shape it resembled the neck of a swan or goose.(1883m1)

Cheniscus. An ornament in the shape of a goose's head whic= h was affixed sometimes to the prow, sometimes to the stern of ancient vessels. It is v= ery often met with in representations of ships on classical monuments. One is= to be seen on Trajan's column. ILLUS. cheniscu(1= 891a1)

<= /o:p>

Cheniscus. (Gr.) In works of ancient Art, ships are seen with ornamental prows, shaped to represent the head and neck of a goose, or other aquatic bird; this part = was called CHENISCUS, and was constructed of bronze and other materials. Sometimes, but rarely, the CHENISCUS is affixed to the stern of a ship. T= he custom descended to the eleventh and twelfth centuries, as we find Danish= and Saxon ships represented with similar decorations, in the sculptures and drawings of ancient manuscripts. FIGURE = (1855f1)

<= /o:p>

$H Chenoboscium.= Egypt

Chenoboscium. A chief town in = the Panopolite nome, of the= Thebaid of Upper Egypt. (1876c1)<= /p>

$H Cheops. Egypt

Cheops. The Greek form of the royal name Khufu, whic= h see. (1876c1)

$H Chephets.

Chephets. Another name of the Phenician deity Pothos, which see. (1876c1)

$H Chequée. [See Checky]

$H Chequers. O.E. (See CHECKSTO= NE.) (1883m1)

$H Cherub (pl. Cherubim). = ;

Cherub. The head of = an angel emerging from two wings employed as a painted or sculptured ornament. In = the 17th and 18th centuries these figures were frequently employed, and somet= imes they are found on monuments of colossal proportions. ILLUS. cherub<= span style=3D'mso-no-proof:no'>(1891a1)

<= /o:p>

Cherub, pl. Cherubim, Heb. According to the classification of Dionysius, the first hierarchy of Angels consists of three choirs called SERAPHIM, CHERUBIM, and THRONES, and, receiving their glory immediately from Deity, transmit it to the second hierarchy. = The first hierarchy are as councillors; the secon= d as governors; the third as ministers. The SERAPHIM are absorbed in perpetual love and worship round the throne; the CHERUBIM know and worship; the THR= ONES sustain the throne. The SERAPHIM and CHERUBIM are in general represented = as heads merely with two or four or= six wings, and of a bright red or blue colour, &a= mp;c. (Cf. Mrs. Jameson's Legendary Art= .) (See ANGELS, SERAPHIM, DOMINIONS, &c.)(1883m1)

Cherubim. In Christian Art, a higher class of angels, the nearest to the throne of = God, of which they are the supporters. Their forms are known by the poetical writings of the Old Testament. They appear first as guardians of Paradise, whence our first parents were expelled = by a CHERUB with a flaming sword. Jehovah rested between the wings of the cher= ubim on the cover of the ark; and in the history of Ezekiel they are represent= ed with four wings, two of which covered the body and drew the chariot of th= e Lord through the air. In the heavenly hierarchy the cherubim ** form one of the three high angel choirs - SERAPHIM, CHERUB= IM, and ANGELS, which constitute the first and upper order of angels; they ra= nk next to the SERAPHIM. FIGURE

** Cherubim= signifies the plentitude of knowledge and wisdom; they are represented young, having four wings to cover their faces and feet, and standing on wheels of fire,= of a bright red colour, to set forth the intensity of divine love, in refere= nce to the vision of the prophet Ezekiel. Art cannot adequately represent the= ir spiritual agency and rapid movements, therefore they are drawn as the anc= ient Persians drew Ormuz, who, unable to represent their god as a pure being of light, implied his nature by a half-figure ending in a winged body, sweep= ing through the air. P. Cornelius, in his picture of the "Creation"= at Munich, makes th= eir bodies terminate in wings: in it the cherubim support the globe, which the Almighty, towards whom they look with reverential love, uses as a footsto= ol. = (1855f1)

<= /o:p>

$H Cherubic Hymn.

Cherubic Hymn. Chr. A hymn sung in the= Greek Church before the great entrance (see ENTRANCE); so called from its first words, = @Ê[=3Dhoi] J[=3Dta] P,D@L$ÂL[=3Dcheroubiu] :LFJ46äH[=3Dmustikos] ,Æ6@<\.@<J,H[=3Deikonizontes], 6.J.8. [=3Dk.t.l.](1883m= 1)

$H Chesable. [See Chasuble]

$H Chesf-chent.<= span style=3D'mso-spacerun:yes'> Egypt

Chesf-chent. The Egyptian name for the city and nome= in Upper Egypt, called by the Greeks Lycopolis the U= pper. Sacred to the deity Apheru. (1876c1)

$H Chesf-pehu. Egypt

Chesf-pehu. A city and nome in Upper Egypt, called by the Greeks Lycopolis the Lower. It = was sacred to the deity Hathor. (1876c1)

$H Chesible, for CHASUB= LE (q.v.). (1883m1)

$H Chesnut (Brown).

Chestnut. A dark red= brown colour.(1891a1)

Chestnut Brown. A br= own lake pigment prepared from the horse chesnut; very durable for oils and water‑colour painting.(1883m1)

$H Chess.

Chess. Writers immed= iately after the Conquest speak of the Saxons as playing at chess, which, they s= ay, they learned from the Danes. The game of chess is very prominent in the romances of the Middle Ages. The Scandinavian navigators introduced some remarkable elaborately carved chessmen, of walrus ivory, from Iceland<= /st2:place>, in the 12th century. The castles are replaced by warriors on foot, called= hrokr, = from the Saracen roc, Persian rokh, <= span class=3DGramE>our rook= . In the Saracen game the vizier repre= sented our queen, and the elephant o= ur bishop, the roc, or hero, as aforesaid, our rook. Beautifu= lly carved chessmen in the costumes of the 13th and 14th century exist in England<= /st2:place>. They were all very large, a king being four inches in height and seven in circumference. The chess‑bo= ards were of corresponding size, and made of all materials, including the prec= ious metals, crystal, sapphires, and topazes. The pieces varied in form: the mediaeval rook had a head like a = fleur‑de‑lis, th= e knight was represented by a small upright column with the upper part bent on one side. The au= fin or bishop was of the same shape, but the bent end was cleft to indicate a= mitre. The figures of the 16th century much more ne= arly resemble those now in vogue.(1883m1)

$H = Chesse. Old English

Chess= e. O.E. (Fr. chasse). A border, a circlet.(1883m1)

$H Chest.

Chests and Coffers, in Norman times, were adorned with elaborate carving and richly inlaid. They were s= till the general depositories for clothes and treasures. Cupboards (armoires) were introduced by the Normans, and filled with household utensils.(1883m1)

Chest. A piece of fu= rniture which serves the double purpose of a large coffer in which to store linen= and of a bench to sit upon. It was the most important item in the household furniture of the Middle Ages. In early times it was simple in form and on= ly decorated by ornamental iron‑work. In the 14th and 15th centuries i= ts panels were richly carved and it was raised upon legs. 2 ILLUS. chest1, chest2= (1891a1)

&nbs= p; &nbs= p; <= /o:p>

$H Chest of Viols. Old English

Chest of Viols. O.E.= A set of instruments complete for a "consort" of viols, i.e. two treb= les, two tenors, and two basses.(1883m1)

$H Che= ster. Old English

Chester= . O.E. A person who places corpses in their coffins.(1883m1)

$H Chev. Egypt

Chev. The Egyptian n= ame for the city and nome near the Fayum, called Aphroditopolis by the Greeks. Here the= great chancellor Bai caused the usurper Septhah and his queen Tauser to be proclaimed joint-sovereigns of Egypt after the death of Merenpthah I., to the temporary exclusion = of Prince Seti, the heir apparent and brother of= Queen Tauser. The nome = was also called the Thmute by the Greeks. It was sacre= d to the worship of the goddess Hatmei, or Truth. (1876c1)

$H Chevalet.

Chevalet. Fr. The bridge of a violin or other stri= nged instrument.(1883m1)

$H = Cheval-traps. (See CA= LTRAPS.) (1883m1)

$H Chevallerie.<= span style=3D'mso-spacerun:yes'> [See Caballari= a]

$H Chevaucheurs.

Cheva= ucheurs. Anglo‑Norman horsemen, or running messengers.(1883m1)

$H Chevaux‑de‑friz= e.

Chevaux‑de‑frize. An arrangement of iron spikes for the defence of a battlement against assault.(1883m1)

$H Cheveril. Old English

Cheveril. O.E. Kid l= eather, proverbially elastic; hence, = a cheveril conscience (that will stretch).(1883m1)

$H Chevesaile.

Chevesaile. Old Fr. A necklace.(1883m1)

$H Chevet. [See Apse.] (1891a1)

$H Chevetaine.

Old Fr. A captain; h= ence the mediaeval ch= euptanus.(1883m1)

$H Chevron.

(1) Arch. One of the= mouldings frequently used in Norman architecture, u= sually called zigzag (q.v.).

(2) A badge on the c= oat‑sleeve of a non‑commissioned officer.

(3) Her. One of the ordinaries; the lower half of a SALTIRE (V.).(1883m1)