$H Cube.
|
Cube. A regular soli=
d body
contained by six equal squares at right angles to one another. To find the
cubic content of a wall is to calculate the number of cubic yards and feet
which it contains. ILLUS. cube(1891a1)
|
![](3D"cu_files/image023.gif")
$H Cubiculum.
|
Cubiculum. R. and (1) A bedroom. (2) The emperor's pa=
vilion
or tent at the amphitheatre or circus. (3) In Christian
archaeology, the sepulchral chambers of the catacombs. (See
CINERARIUM.)(1883m1) |
$H Cubile.
|
Cubile. R. (cubo). =
A bed,
or chamber containing a bed.(1883m1) |
$H Cubit.
|
cubit: a measure of length, the span of the forearm from elbow to knuck=
le:
about 18 inches.(1894e1) |
|
Cubit (Gr. |
$H Cubital.
|
Cubital. R. A bolste=
r or
cushion used by the Romans to rest the elbow on when reclining.(1883m1) |
$H Cubit. Egypt
|
Cubit. This
measure of length was approximately 20.6 inches. It varied slightly, howe=
ver,
at different periods as employed by different architects.(1902b1) |
$H Cubit‑arm.
|
Cubit‑arm. Her=
. A
human arm couped at the elbow.(1883m1) |
$H Cubitoria, ‑ae (sc. vestimenta, vestes). (See COENATORIA.) (1883m1)
$H Cucufa. Egypt
|
Cucufa. The name of the peculiar staff which was cal= led Uas and was held by the Egyptian deities. It had the head of an unknown animal on the top, and a peculiarly shaped hook at the other end. The extremities were generally made of bron= ze. (1876c1) |
$H Cucullus.
|
Cucullus. (Lat.)
A hood or cowl for the head. See BIRRUS. (1855f1) |
|
Cucullus. R. Literal=
ly, a
piece of paper rolled into the shape of a funnel, used at Rome by
apothecaries and other tradespeople for wrapp=
ing up
certain kinds of goods; and hence, by analogy, the hood affixed to certain
garments, such as the lacerna,
poenula<=
/span>, sagum, =
&c.
(See COWL.)(1883m1) |
$H Cucuma.
|
Cucuma. R. A term ap=
plied to
various earthenware or metal vessels, when they were used to heat water or
any other liquid.(1883m1) |
$H Cucurbita.
|
Cucurbita. R. A pump=
kin or
gourd, and thence a cupping‑glass.(1883m1) |
$H Cudo, Cudon.
|
Cudo, Cudon. R. A sk=
ull‑cap
made of soft leather or furs.(1883m1) |
|
Cudo. A simple close-fitting helmet of leather or
bronze, like that engraved to APEX, but without the point on the summit. =
(1855f1) |
$H Cuerpo.
|
Cuerpo. (Span.). Body
clothing, i.e. a jacket.(1883m1) |
$H Cufic (characters).<= /span>
|
Cufic (characters). =
Arab.
The Cufic is the most ancient form of Arabian
writing, and bears a great resemblance to the Syriac=
writing called estranghelo;
it appears to have originated in the city of Cufa
or Coufa, whence the name.(1883m1) |
$H Cuirass. (See CINGULUM, LORICA, PECTORALE,
THORAX.) (1883m1)
|
Cuirass. The covering of plate-armour used for
protecting the body from the waist upwards. (1855f1) |
$H Cuir‑boulli, <= span class=3DSpellE>Cuir‑bouilly, or Cuirbouly= .
|
Cuir‑boulli. F=
r.
Boiled leather, frequently mentioned by mediaeval writers. It has lately =
been
revived under the name of impress=
ed
leather, and brought to a high state of perfection. (Fairholt.) Hence: ‑=
Cuirbouly,
O.E. Tanned leather.(1883m1) |
|
Cuir‑bouilly. Leather prepared by boiling, of which armour was made in the 13th century. It was employed
principally for leg‑guards and elbow‑pieces.(1891a1) |
|
Cuir-boulli. (Fr.) Boiled leather. Frequently
mentioned by mediaeval writers. It consisted of leather adapted to various
purposes, both of defence and ornament, by the process of boiling. * It has lately been revived un=
der
the name of impressed leather=
, and
brought to a high degree of perfection. * The shield of Edw=
ard
the Black Prince, at |
$H Cuisses.
|
Cuisses. Fr. Armour fo=
r the
thighs, introduced about the middle of the 14th century. In early examples
they consisted of one, two, or three pieces of plate overlapping; later on
they were formed of one piece only, and finally were finished with a back
piece, enclosing the whole of the thigh in armour. Fig. 223. Cuisse.(1883m1)
|
![](3D"cu_files/image024.gif")
$H =
Cuitikins,
Cutikins.
|
Scotch. Guêtres, gaiters.(1883m1) |
$H Cuker.
|
Cuker. O.E. Part of a
woman's horned headdress, "furred with a cat's skin."(1883m1) |
$H Cukhia. Chaldaea
|
Cukhia. In Chaldean astronomy the name of an unident= ified star. (1876c1) |
$H Culcita.
|
Culcita. R. A mattre=
ss of
horsehair, wool, wadding, or feathers.(1883m1) |
$H Cul‑de‑La=
mpe.
|
Cul&#=
8209;de‑Lampe. (Arch.) =
A French term denoting an ornament employed in
ceilings or vaults. The effect of culs‑de‑lampe was sometimes heightened by
painting or gilding. In the 13th century they generally took the form of
foliage; while in the 14th and 15th centuries they were frequently
allegorical figures. In the 15th century they were used to support arches,
and were then richly decorated. At the period of the Renaissance culs‑de̴=
9;lampe
uniformly consist of a circular capital terminated by a sculptured orname=
nt. 2 ILLUS. culdela1, culdela2(1891a1)
|
![](3D"cu_files/image025.gif")
![](3D"cu_files/image026.gif")
$H Cul‑de‑Sa=
c.
|
Cul&#=
8209;de‑Sac.
An
impassable alley. |
$H Culettes.
|
Culettes. Fr. Plates=
of armour protecting the back, from the waist to the
saddle.(1883m1) |
$H Culeus.
|
Culeus or Culleus. R=
. The
largest liquid measure of capacity used by the Romans, containing 20
amphorae, or about 119 gallons. The same name was also applied to a very
large sack, of skin or leather, used for oil or wine. It was in the culei t=
hat
parricides were sewed up.(1883m1) |
$H Culigna.
|
Culigna. R. A vessel=
for
holding wine. It was a kind of amphora of a broader form, its width excee=
ding
its height.(1883m1) |
$H Culina.
|
Culina. R. A
kitchen.(1883m1) |
$H Culleus. [See Culeus]
$H Cullis, Arch.=
Same as COULISSE (q.v.). (18=
83m1)
$H Culme.
|
Culme. O.E. The
summit.(1883m1) |
$H Culta.
|
Culter or Culta. R. A knife. Culter coquinaris was a kitchen‑k=
nife; culter venatorius,
a hunting‑knife; culter tonsorius,
a razor; cul=
ter vinitorius,
or falx<=
/span> vinitoria,
a vine‑dresser's pruning‑knife. The term denoted as well (1) the knife with
which the officiating priest cut the victim's throat; (2) a knife for carving, also called cultellus; (3) the coulter
of a plough fixed in front of the plough‑share.(1883m1) |
|
Culta. (Lat.) The sacrificial knife of t=
he
Roman priest Cultrarius, with=
which
he slaughtered the victim. It is thus depicted on the tomb of one of these
sacerdotal officers published by Gruter. FIGU=
RE (1855f1)
|
![](3D"cu_files/image027.gif")
$H =
Cultellus.
|
Culte=
llus. R. (dimin. cf CULTER, q.v.). A knife. Cultellus ligneus, a wedge of wood.(1883m1) |
$H Culter. [ See Culta]
$H =
Culullus.
|
Culul=
lus. R. (culeus, q.v.).
Generally, any drinking‑vess=
el,
and more particularly any earthenware vessel used by priests and vestals =
at
sacrifices.(1883m1) |
$H Culver.
|
Culver. A.S. A dove.=
(1883m1) |
$H Culver‑house.
|
Culver‑house. =
A pigeon‑house.(1883m1) |
$H Cumera.
|
Cumera. R. A kind of=
large
box or basket employed by country people for keeping their seed‑whe=
at
in.(1883m1) |
$H Cumerum.
|
Cumerum. A bridal ba=
sket
containing the presents of the bride and bridegroom; it was carried by a =
camillus in the
bridal procession.(1883m1) |
$H Cumpi‑coptra.<= /span>
|
Cumpi‑coptra. Peruv.
One of the divisions in the royal arsenals of the ancient Peruvians. It
contained lama‑wool, and textures of alpaca, embroidered in the col=
lege
of the Virgins of the Sun (PASUA‑HUASI, (q.v.)).(1883m1) |
$H Cunabula.
|
Cunabula. R. Literal=
ly, a
child's cradle, and thence a bird's nest, a beehive, a native city; any
place, in short, in which a living thing is born. A synonym for this term=
is
CUNAE. Bibliologists call early specimens of
printing by this name, or INCUNABULA (q.v.).(1883m1) |
$H Cuneiform (characters).
|
Cuneiform (characters). Oriental characters formed=
by a
single symbol, which is in the shape of a wedge (cuneus). This kind of wri=
ting
has been in use among many nations; more particularly the ancient Persian=
s, Persepolitans, Babylonians, and Ninevites.
Fig. 224 represents the first cuneiform characters which found their way =
to Fig. 224. Cuneiform characters.(1883m1)
|
![](3D"cu_files/image028.gif")
$H Cuneus.
|
Cuneus. R. (1) A wed=
ge of
wood, iron, or any other metal. (2) In a theatre or amphitheatre, a set of
tiers comprised within two staircases (scalae), so called from i=
ts
wedge‑like form. (3) A body of soldiers drawn up in the form of a w=
edge
to break through the enemy's line. The common soldiers called the formati=
on caput porcinum<=
/span>,
a pig's head.(1883m1) |
$H =
Cuniculus.
|
Cunic=
ulus. R. (cuneus). An underground passage to a fortified place.(18=
83m1) |
$H Cup.
|
Cup. A la=
rge
vase of no great depth, with or without handles, mounted on a foot. Cups =
are
principally made of metal, but also of crystal or porcelain. Those given =
as
prizes in certain competitions are often works of art and are richly
ornamented. ILLUS. cup(1891a1=
)
|
|
Cup. A very general term applied to all drinking
vessels with or without stems. So completely has it become a generic term,
that it is sometimes (but improperly) used to designate tankards, racing
prizes &c. (1855f1) |
![](3D"cu_files/image029.gif")
$H Cupa.
|
Cupa. R. A barrel or
hogshead. Vi=
num de cupâ<=
/span>
was wine which had not been drawn oft in amphorae; it was wine from the c=
ask,
new wine. The cupa was sometimes made of
earthenware like the dolium. It was used for =
many
purposes besides that of a wine‑vat. (See CUPELLA.)(1883m1) |
$H Cupboard.
|
Cupboard. A piece of
furniture which in olden times served the purpose of a sideboard. It
frequently took the form of a recess in the wall, fitted with shelves, up=
on
which plate, &c., was set out.(1891a1) |
$H Cupel.
|
Cupel. A meltingR=
09;pot
for gold.(1883m1) |
$H Cupella.
|
Cupella. R. and Chr. (dimin. of CUPA, q=
.v. ). In Christian archaeology, a tomb. The word occu=
rs on
a catacomb marble, inscribed with grotesque Latin: "I, Secunda, erected this cupella to my two
children," &c. [The cupa was sometim=
es
used by the Romans as a sarcophagus.] (See CINERARIUM.)(1883m1) |
$H Cupid.=
|
Cupid. The god of lo=
ve, the
son of Aphrodite or Venus. Cupid (or Eros as he was known to the Greeks) =
was
a favourite subject with ancient sculptors, <=
span
class=3DSpellE>Praxiteles being especially famous for his statues =
of the
god of love. He is generally represented winged and holding a bow and arr=
ows.
In works of decorative art, belonging to all ages, cupids or amorini are frequently found.(1891a1) |
$H Cupola.
|
Cupola. It. A concav=
e roof,
circular or polygonal.(1883m1) |
|
Cupola. (Ital.)
The concave roof of a building, either circular or polygonal. (1855f1) |
|
Cupola. (Arch.) A co=
ncave
roof, generally circular in form. The term is applied indifferently to the
dome and its interior. But for this there is no
authority. Properly speaking the cupola is only the interior vaulting, an=
d it
is frequently on a different plane from the dome which surrounds it outsi=
de.
Between the two a considerable vacant space sometimes intervenes. The cup=
olas
of St. Peter's at
|
![](3D"cu_files/image030.gif")
$H Cups. (See COPPA =3D cards.) (1883m1)
$H Curator.
|
Curator. A functiona=
ry
charged with the care of museums and of public collections of works of
art.(1891a1) |
$H Curb Roof.
|
Curb Roof. Arch. A M=
ansard
roof; a roof with a double set of rafters on each side, of peculiar
construction.(1883m1) |
$H Curch.
|
Curch=
. Gael. |
$H Curfew. (See COUVREFEU, Fig. 202.) (=
1883m1)
$H Curia, Curiae.
|
Curia, Curiae. R. (1=
) A
building in which the people met together to offer sacrifices and take pa=
rt
in the festivities on certain days of festival. (2) The senatorial curiae were buildings in which the senate usually
assembled. (3) The Salian curia was a place situated on the Palatine Hill, which formed
the place of assembly for the Salian priests who guarded the anciles or sacred shields=
. (4) Curia calabra was a small temple =
founded,
almost simultaneously with the building of |
$H Curium.
|
Curium. A petty kingdom in the |
$H Curliewurlies.
|
Curliewurlies. Scotc=
h.
Fantastical circular ornaments.(1883m1) |
$H Curiosities.
|
Curiosities are anci=
ent,
rare, precious, or curious objects, which it is the delight and passion of
amateurs and collectors to gather together. The term is a very comprehens=
ive
one, and includes all those objects in which the antiquary takes an inter=
est.(1891a1) |
$H Currach.
|
Currach. Scotch. A c=
oracle
or small skiff; a boat of wicker‑work covered with hides.(1883m1) |
$H Currus.
|
Currus. (Lat.) A chariot=
or
car with two wheels and a pair of horses originally, but to which others =
were
added, and which carried a rider and driver. † † See BIGA= , TRIGA, QUADRIGA. (1855f1) |
|
Currus, Chariot. (Gr. =
ž=
D:=
"[=3Dharma]). A two‑wheeled car or carriage in use=
among
nearly all the nations of antiquity. There were racing‑chariots, ri=
ding‑chariots,
and triumphal chariots. Some of these were profusely decorated with ivory=
(currus eburnei=
).
War‑chariots armed with scythes or sharp blades were called falcati=
. (See
COVINUS.) The illustration (Fig. 225), a device of Philip II. of Fig. 225. Currus. The Char= iot of the Sun. The device of Philip II. of Spain.(1883m1)
|
![](3D"cu_files/image031.gif")
$H Cursores.
|
Cursores. "Runn=
ers"
before their masters' carriages; messengers generally.(1883m1) |
$H Curtail Dog.
|
Curtail Dog. O.E. A =
dog
belonging to a person not qualified to hunt game, which, by the forest la=
ws,
must have its tail cropped.(1883m1) |
$H Curtail Step.
|
Curtail Step. Arch. =
The
first step of a stair, when its outer end is finished in the form of a
scroll; when it has a circular end, it is called a round‑ended step=
.(1883m1) |
$H Curtain.
|
Curta=
in. (1) (Fort.) As a military term this word denotes the parapet
extending between and uniting two towers. The word is occasionally applie=
d in
a similar sense in civil architecture to a façade terminated by two
turrets. ILLUS. curtain1(1=
891a1)
|
|
(2) A term applied i=
n the
language of theatrical decoration to a large hanging which separates the
stage from the auditorium between the acts of a drama. Upon its large sur=
face
a piece of mock drapery is often painted. But more ambitious designs are
frequently placed upon it, and the curtain of one of the
|
![](3D"cu_files/image032.gif")
![](3D"cu_files/image033.gif")
$H Curule Chair.
|
Curule Chair. An enriched seat sometimes ornamen=
ted
with ivory and gold. It was a mark of distinction for senators and rulers,
who hence were called curules=
. It
was placed as a seat in the chariot of such personages when borne to the
senate. Vestals and chief priests also had the right of using it. (1855f1=
) |
$H Curvilinear.
|
Formed of curved
lines.(1891a1) |