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Cusae. The Greek name for Kes, the capital of the fourteenth nome
of |
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Cushat. Scotch. A wo=
od‑pigeon.(1883m1) |
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Cushion. A square bl=
ock of
wood with a slip of parchment running round its edge, so as to form a kin=
d of
saucer. It is used by goldsmiths to put gold leaf in upon a ground of
wadding. An engraver's cushion is=
a
flat cushion of leather filled with sand. Upon it the line engraver rests=
his
plate. It allows the steel or copper to be easily moved about or set at a=
ny
angle, and forms a support with a certain
springiness while the work is going on. ILLUS. cushion(1891a1)
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Cushion‑capital. Arch.
(1) A capital resembling a cushion, pressed by a weight. (2) A cube rounded o=
ff at
its lower angles; the capital most prevalent in the Norman style.(1883m1)=
|
|
Cusp. In Astrology, =
the
"entrance" of a "house."(1883m1) |
|
Cusp. (Arch.) The po=
int of
intersection of two similar curves having a common tangent at that point,=
as,
for example, the points of a trefoil. In architecture the end of the cusp=
is
frequently carved into foliage or other decorative patterns.(1891a1) |
|
Cusps. The foliation=
s of
architectural tracery, such as are formed by the points of a trefoil.(188=
3m1) |
|
Cusps. The foliations of architectural tracery, such as are formed by t=
he
points of a trefoil. (1855f1) |
|
Cuspis. R. A point, mo=
re
particularly the point of a lance, or javelin, since these were not barbe=
d.
Fig. 226 represents a javelin‑head which gives a complete idea of t=
he
character of the point called cuspis; Fig. 227 shows a flint lance; and Figs. 228 to=
230
the lance‑headed cuspides
affixed to the top of the Roman ensigns. (See SPICULUM.) Fig. 226. Cuspis. Fig. 227=
. Cuspis ‑ Figs. 228, 229, 230. Cuspides ‑ Roman lances.(1883m1)
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Custodia. The shrine=
or
receptacle for the host in Spanish churches.(1883m1) |
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Custodia. The shrine or receptacle for the host =
in
Spanish churches. They are frequently constructed of gold and of silver, =
upon
which all the riches of the goldsmith's art were lavished.(1855f1)=
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Cut. (Engrav.)
The process of engraving a design upon wood for the purpose of reproducti=
on
is called cutting. A drawing printed from a wood‑block is termed a =
cut.(1891a1) |
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Cuthbert, St.
An Anglo-Saxon bishop and tutelar saint of the diocese of |
|
Cutlass. A thick hea=
vy sword
slightly curved and with only one edge. It was originally called a coutle‑axe or cuttle‑axe,
and was introduced into |
|
Cutlass, Coutel‑hache, or Coutel‑axe, |
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Cutlass. A strong cutting sword with a very slig=
ht
curvature towards the point, and having only one cutting edge, the back b=
eing
thick. It was first introduced at the end of the fifteenth century, when =
it
is known as a coutel-hache or=
coutel-axe, a term obviously der=
ived
from its powers of cutting like an axe on one side only; and not on both =
like
the ancient sword, which had, however, better powers of thrusting. (1855f=
1) |
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Cut‑work. Also=
called
"opus consutum;" Ital. "di commesso."
Open‑work embroidery came into universal use in "Cut werke was=
greate
both in court and townes, Bothe in mene's hoddies, and also in their
gownes." (See APPLIQUÉ)(1883m1) |
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Cuzallu. Or<= /i> Cisilivu. The nin= th month of the Assyrian year. It was sacred to the god Nergal, and was call= ed Ganganna, "the very cloudy," by the Accadians. It answered roug= hly to our November. (1876c1) |
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A gaseous compound o=
f carbon
and nitrogen, necessary to the formation of Prussian blue.(1883m1) |
|
Gr. and R. A vase or=
ladle
with one handle, used for taking wine from the crater (6D"J¬D[=3Dkrater]), in or=
der to
fill the cups (pocula,
calices) of the guests, at fe=
asts
and banquets. The term was also used to denote a small measure containing=
the
twelfth part of the sextarius,
or .0825 of a pint. The cyathus was used in
medicine to measure drugs with accuracy. [It is often represented, on vas=
es,
in the hands of Bacchus, in place of his proper goblet the Cantharus.](1883m1) |
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A name given to a Gr=
eek
drinking cup, which had one handle, and was chiefly used to ladle out wine
from the crater (q.v.) or large vessel in which the wine was mixed. ILLUS. cyathus(1891a1)
|
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Cyathus. (Gr.) A single-handed drinking cu=
p,
generally used as a ladle to lift wine from the larger vessel - the crate=
r -
for the drinking party. It is often met with on painted vases in the hand=
s of
Bacchus; but the vessel peculiarly sacred to that divinity is the two-han=
dled
cup, CANTHARUS. FIGURE (1855f1)
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R. (6L$4FJVT[=3Dkubistao], to t=
umble). A
part of the military exercises in which the performer threw himself at
intervals on his hands, so as to rebound on his feet.(1883m1) |
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Cyclas. R. (<=
span
style=3D'font-family:"WP Greek Courier";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New =
Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-f=
ont-family:
"WP Greek Courier";mso-no-proof:no'>6L68H[=3Dkuklas], circul=
ar). A
long and loose piece of drapery, of a very fine texture; it was hemmed wi=
th
purple or gold embroidery. The cyclas formed part of a woman's costume, but it was al=
so
worn by men of an effeminate or dissolute character; hence ‑ Cyclas=
, O.E.
The name of a long sleeveless gown worn by knights over their armour (from ciclatoun, q.v., of which it was made).(1883m1) |
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Cyclas (Lat.) A large robe of thin texture, with=
a
border embroidered with gold, worn by the Roman women. It was worn in the
same manner as the PALLIUM. The word was also in common use in the middle
ages (when many Latin terms for dress remained in |
|
Cyclopean. A style of
architecture belonging to a very remote period. Its characteristic featur=
e is
the employment of enormous blocks of stone. Cyclopean monuments are also
called Pelasgic. By analogy any gigantic maso=
nry
which gives us an idea of resistance and power may be termed cyclopean. <=
/span>ILLUS. cyclopea(1891a1)
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Cyclopean (masonry, monuments), Gr. and R. (6=
L6=
8f=
B,=
4@=
<[=3Dkuklopeion]). Ancient structures, also known as
|
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Cyclorama. An extensive connected series of view= s, which pass in consecutive order before the spectator, being wound round cylinders, and giving the effect of a passage in a steam-boat on a river, &c. (1855f1) |
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Cyganaca. A city in |
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A solid figure obtai=
ned by
the revolution of a rectangle round one of its sides. Stones of this shape
which serve as amulets or seals are called cylinders. Thus we speak of
Assyrian or Babylonian cylinders. ILLUS. cylinder=
span>(1891a1)
|
|
A name given to a Gr=
eek wine‑bowl
of peculiar form. It was wide and very shallow; it was mounted on a foot,=
and
furnished with two small handles. Its large and almost flat surface provi=
ded
an excellent opportunity for decoration. ILLUS. cyli=
x(1891a1)
|
|
Gr. and R. A vase also known as a calix or cup. It was a wide flat drinking‑cup, very shallow, of a circular form, with two handles, and mounted on a tolerably tall foot. Fi= g. 232 shows a silver cylix or Gaulish cup, foun= d in the ruins of Alisia. Fig. 232. Cylix. A Gallic drinki= ng‑cup.(1883m1)
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Cylix.
(Gr.) A wide flat wine-bowl with a central foot and handles. They were
generally richly painted, frequently with mythological stories. The Romans
called such vases calicis,
and they are now generally termed patera, though that term is more properly applied to c=
ups
without feet. See cuts to the word PATERA. FIGU=
RE (1855f1)
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Cymatium. (Arch.) A =
term
used in classical architecture to signify any mouldi=
ng
which caps a division of the entablature and so separates it from the
next.(1891a1) |
|
Cyma. (Arch.) A moulding employed in cornices and wainscotings. It =
is
undulating in outline, and consists of a hollow and a round. When the upp=
er
part is hollow it is called cyma =
recta,
when it is full or round it is called cyma
reversa. The cyma resembles the ogee (q.v.). ILLUS. cyma=
(1891a1)
|
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Cym=
a,
Cymatium, (Eng. Ogee, Gr. =
span>6=
L:=
VJ=
4@=
<[=3Dkumation]). An architectural m=
oulding,
named from the Greek 6Ø=
:" (wave or billow), the moulding consisting of an undulation. A cyma, the o=
utline
of which is convex at the top and concave below, is called cyma reversa;
when it is hollow in the upper part, it is called a cyma recta. (Fig. 233.)
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Cyma.
(Lat.) An architectural mould=
ing
consisting of a hollow and round conjoined, termed cyma recta when hollow in the upper part (as in Fig. 1.), and=
cyma reversa
when in the lower one (as in Fig. 2.) FIGU=
RES (1855f1)
|
|
Cymatile. R. (6Ø:"[=3Dkuma]). A Roman=
female
dress, of a changing sea‑green colour, =
like
the waves.(1883m1) |
|
Cymba. R. ( |
|
Cymbals. O.E.
A contrivance of a number of metal plates, or bells, suspended on
cords.(1883m1) |
|
Cymbals.
Instruments of sonorous metal, cup shaped, and struck together by the han=
ds;
generally used by dancers in ancient times, in Bacchanalian processions a=
nd
orgies, and particularly at the feast of Cybele,
when noises of all kinds were esteemed agreeable. They are thus represent=
ed
in a painting at |
|
Cymbalum. R. (from <=
/span>6b:$@H[=3Dkumbos]). The c=
ymbals; a
musical instrument made of two disks of bronze or bra=
ss .
(See CROTALUM, FLAGELLUM.)(1883m1) |
|
Cymbe. Gr=
. An
ointment‑pot, similar in shape to the Ampulla (q.v.).(1883m1) |
|
Cymbe. (Gr.) An ointment
pot used by the ancients, of a globular form, and without handles. It was
similar in form to the first of the glass vessels engraved, (p. 22 of this
dictionary), to illustrate the form of the AMPULLA. (1855f1) |
|
Cymbi=
um. R. (6L:$\@<[=3Dkumbion]). A boat‑shaped drinking‑cup with two
handles. (See CYMBA.)(1883m1) |
|
Cynocephali.
Dog-headed deities worshipped by the ancient Egyptians, representing Anubis, one of the lower gods. (1855f1) |
|
Egyp. An ape with a dog's head; a sacred animal,
representing Anubis in the Egyptian
mythology.(1883m1) |
|
cynocephalus: the dog-headed baboon, sacred to Thot=
h, the
god of wisdom. (1894e1) |
|
Cynocephalus. "Dog-headed." A species of baboon (Simia Hamadryas), venerated by the Egyptians as sacred to the deity Thoth. He was supposed to preside over the balance of the souls in = the hall of judgment, because all his members were equal, i.e. terminated in hands. He was also the emblem of the hour meter, because, if Greek writers are to be believed, he urinated at preci= sely equal intervals twelve times a day. He was also one of the guardians of t= he infernal regions, and one of the genii of Amenti. (1876c1) |
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Cynocephalus (Aani). The dog-headed ape, sacred to Thoth, under which form the god is
sometimes represented. Thoth being a moon god, the cynocephali are freque=
ntly
represented with the lunar disk on their heads. The Hermopolitan ennead w=
as
sometimes represented by nine cynocephali, that is, Thoth and eight other
deities; but sometimes the eight apes attend Amen. They are called
“watchers for the dawn.” Nine cynocephali were said to open t=
he
gates in the west for the setting sun, and each is then called by a name:
"Opener of the earth," "Soul of the earth," "Hea=
rt
of the earth," etc. They are thus represented in the illustrations t=
o a
work frequently inscribed on the walls of royal Theban tombs, relating to=
the
passage of the sun during the hours of night, and called "The book of
that which is in the underworld." In the judgment scene represented =
in
papyri of the "Book of the Dead," and on the walls at Dêr=
el
Medineh, a cynocephalus is seated on the balance in the middle of the bea=
m of
the scales in which the heart of the deceased is being weighed, while Tho=
th
stands by with palette and reed pen waiting to record the result. In this
case the cynocephalus may represent equilibrium, which would naturally be=
a
quality of the god Thoth. ILLUS. Cynocephalus.(1902b1)
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Cynon. An island city on the |
|
Cynop=
hontis (sc. |
|
Cynopolis. "City of |
|
Cynop=
olites. Egyp. (6L<@B@8\J0H[=3Dk=
unopolites]).
A nome=
of |
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|
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Fig. 234. Branch of
|
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St. Cyprian, Bishop of Carthage, suffered
martyrdom at the hands of Valerian. The story of St. Cyprian is not mere
legend, but an authentic record of fact. It has, however, suggested few
subjects to artists. In the few representations of St. Cyprian which exis=
t,
the saint has the palm and mitre at his feet,=
or
carries a book and the sword of martyrdom. |
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Cyprian, St. Archbishop of |
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Cyrus. The Greek form of the name of the great Persi= an conqueror Kurush, which see. (1876c1) |
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Cysts or Cists. Etrus. (6\FJ0[=3Dkiste], a chest=
).
Offerings dedicated by women in the |
|
Cyzicenae. Gr. (6L.460<"\[=3Dkuzikenai]). La=
rge and
richly‑decorated apartments, built for the first time at Cyzicus, which had their principal fronts to the no=
rth,
and were situated in a garden.(1883m1) |