$H Dimamai.
|
A country rendered tributary by Samas-Rimmon, king of |
$H Dimidiated. Heraldry
|
(Her.) A term applie=
d to a
shield which is made up of portions of two coats of arms, so arranged that
each portion represents one half of the coat of arms to which it belongs.
Thus we say in blazoning, "Dimidiated: first azure, second gules.&qu=
ot;
ILLUS. dimidiat(1891a1)
|
|
Her. Cut in half per pale, and one half removed. Fig= . 251 is a device placed by James I. on some of his coins, in which the thistle= and rose are respectively dimidiated<= /i>. The legend was, "Fecit eos in gentem unam." Fig. 251. Rose dimidiated. Device of James I.(1883m1)
|
![](3D"dim_files/image027.gif")
![](3D"dim_files/image028.gif")
$H Diminutive. Heraldry
|
(Her.) A diminutive =
of an heraldic ordinary occupies the same position on t=
he
shield as the ordinary itself but is of smaller dimensions, and has a nam=
e of
its own. Thus the diminutive of the chief
is called the fillet, and that of the pale is called the pallet.(1891a1) |
$H Dinaites.
|
A Persian people mentioned in Hebrew histo=
ry,
supposed to have been the same as the Dahe, w=
hich
see. (1876c1) |
$H Dintashaantarbitkarsha.
|
An Elamite cit=
y,
destroyed by Sennacherib. See als=
o - |
$H Dintashadumian.
|
An Elamite cit=
y,
destroyed by Sennacherib. (1876c1) |
$H Dintashazulia.
|
An Elamite cit=
y,
destroyed by Sennacherib. (1876c1) |
$H Dinturke.
|
An Accadian na=
me of
the city of |
$H Diocleia. Greek
|
A festival of the |
$H Diodorus Siculus.
Egypt
|
A
Greek historian, whose ponderous work in forty books was written, it is
supposed, after the death of Julius Caesar. One section treats of the myt=
hic
history of the Egyptians, but its value to students of Egyptology is less=
ened
by the author's evident want of discrimination.(1902b1) |
$H Diogenes. "God-b=
orn." Egypt
|
A Greco-Egyptian priest (?) the father of
Aria, the Canephoros of the goddess Arsinoe-Philadelphus, at |
$H Diolcos. Egypt
|
One of the false mouths of the river |
$H Dionysia.
|
The celebrated orgie=
s of
Dionysus or Bacchus, suppressed B.C. 186, and substituted by the Liberalia. (See BACCHANALIA.)(1883m1) |
$H Dionysus.
|
The son of Zeus and =
Semele, called also Bacchus, was the god of the vin=
tage,
and the mirth and jollity connected with it. In Greek art he is sometimes
represented as a child, carried by Hermes, as in the famous statue of |
$H Dioptra. Graeco-= Roman
|
Gr. and R. (<=
span
style=3D'font-family:"WP Greek Courier";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New =
Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-f=
ont-family:
"WP Greek Courier";mso-no-proof:no'>*4`BJD"[=3Ddioptra]; *4@DVT[=3Ddiorao], to see=
through).
An instrument used in surveying to measure distances and to take
levels.(1883m1) |
$H Diorama.
|
This is a method of
producing pictorial effects invented by Daguerre and Bouton
in 1822. A picture which is not intended to be all seen at one time is
painted on a large cotton sheet and additional figures and objects are
painted on the back of the sheet. The spectator sits in a dark room at so=
me
distance from the painted sheet, which is illuminated from the front and =
also
when required from the back. The lighting is so arranged that it can be
varied in direction and intensity and colour =
at
will, and thus different portions of the canvas are successively brought =
into
view, and the same can be made to assume the appearance of daylight, dusk=
, or
moonlight as required. By throwing a light from behind on to the back of =
the
screen, the objects there painted are rendered visible to the spectators =
in
front, and thus new figures can be introduced into the scene painted on t=
he
front side.(1891a1) |
$H Dioscuri. Greece
|
The two twin deities, the Sons of the Morn=
ing,
who were called Castor and Pollux by the Roma=
ns.
They held the reins of the horses of the sun. See Asvins. (1876c1) |
$H Dioscuria. Graeco-=
Roman
|
Gr. and R. (<=
span
style=3D'font-family:"WP Greek Courier";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New =
Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-f=
ont-family:
"WP Greek Courier";mso-no-proof:no'>)4@F6@bD4"[=3DDioskouria]). G=
ames
instituted at |
$H Diospolis. Egypt
|
The Greek
name for Pa Khen-en-Ament, ca=
pital
of the seventeenth nome of |
|
Diospolis. "City of the Gods." The Greek n= ame for the Egyptian city and nome called Tsam, which see. (1876c1) |
$H Diospolis Parva. =
Egypt
|
The
Greek name for Het,
capital of the seventh nome of |
$H Diospolites. Egypt
|
Egyp. One of the nomes
or divisions of |
$H Diota. Greek
|
Gr. (*\‑TJ"[=3Ddi‑ota, w=
ith two
ears). A name applied indifferently to any kind of vase furnished with two
handles, such as lagenae,
amphorae, canthari, &c.(1883m1)=
|
|
An ancient two‑=
;handled
vase, a small amphora. Its body was ovoidal in
shape and was surmounted by a narrow neck. ILLUS. diota(1891a1=
)
|
![](3D"dim_files/image029.gif")
$H Diplinthus. Roman
|
R. (B8\<2@H[=3Dplinthos], a br=
ick).
Masonry two bricks thick.(1883m1) |
$H Diplois or Diploïs. Graeco-= Roman Costume
|
Diploïs, Gr. an=
d R.
Folded in two; an upper garment which was doubled in the same manner as a
woman's shawl at the present day; it was much worn among the Greeks.(1883=
m1) |
|
Diplois. (Cost.) The=
name
given by the Greeks to the part of the chiton=
which
was drawn up over the girdle at the waist and fell in picturesque folds. =
It
also denoted a kind of double cloak, as in our cut. ILLUS. diplois(18=
91a1)
|
![](3D"dim_files/image030.gif")
$H Diploma. Graeco-= Roman
|
Gr. and R. (<=
span
style=3D'font-family:"WP Greek Courier";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New =
Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-f=
ont-family:
"WP Greek Courier";mso-no-proof:no'>*\B8T:"[=3Ddiploma], i.e. doublef=
olded).
A passport consisting of two leaves (whence its name). The term is also u=
sed
to denote a diploma by which any right or privilege is conferred.(1883m1)=
|
$H Dipteral. Architecture
|
A term used to descr=
ibe a
temple surrounded by a double row of columns.(1891a1) |
|
Arch. A building hav=
ing
double wings. The term is applied to any building having a double
intercolumniation all round it.(1883m1) |
$H Diptherae. Graeco-=
Roman
|
Gr. and R. (<=
span
style=3D'font-family:"WP Greek Courier";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New =
Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-f=
ont-family:
"WP Greek Courier";mso-no-proof:no'>*4N2XD"4[=3Ddiphtherai]; *XNT[=3Ddepho], to make=
supple). (1) Prepared skins f=
or
writing on. (2) A kind of garmen=
t; an
overcoat of skin or leather which Greek slaves put on over their
tunic.(1883m1) |
$H Dipti.
|
An early Amardian or
Cassite deity. His attributes are not known.
(1876c1) |
$H Diptych.
|
Gr. (*\‑BJLP"[=3Ddi‑ptucha=
], i.e.
double‑folded). Double tablets united by means of strings or hinges=
. Diptycha consularia, aedilitia, praetoria had
engraved on them portraits of consuls, aediles,
praetors, and other magistrates. These consular diptychs were a part of t=
he
presents sent by new consuls on their appointment to very eminent persons.
The series of them is a very valuable record of the progress of the art of
ivory carving. In Christian archaeology diptychs were decorated with scen=
es
from biblical history. There were also diptychs of the baptized; of the
bishops and benefactors of a church, living or dead; of saints and martyr=
s;
and, lastly, of deceased members of the congregation, whose souls were to=
be
remembered at mass. (See TRIPTYCH.)(1883m1) |
|
A painted or carved =
panel folding in half by means of hi=
nges.
A beautiful ivory diptych representing the triumph of Bacchus is to be se=
en
in the Bibliothèque Nationale
at
|
![](3D"dim_files/image031.gif")
![](3D"dim_files/image032.gif")
$H Dir.
|
A name of the deity M=
arduk.
See Makr=
u.
(1876c1) |
$H Directors, or Triangular Compasses.
|
Directors, or Triangular Compasses. A mathematical instrument adapted for taking th=
ree
angular points at once.(1883m1) |
$H Diribitorium.= Roman
|
R. (diribeo, to sort or separ=
ate).
A place or building in which a public officer inspected the troops,
distributed the pay, and enrolled the conscripts in their respective
regiments.(1883m1) |
$H Dirige. Christian
|
Chr. A psalm forming part of the burial service, &=
quot;Dirige gressus meos," &c.; hence Dirge, for funereal music or hymns in general.(1883m1) |
$H Dirk. Scottish
|
A Scotch dagger.(188=
3m1) |
|
A term given to the =
dagger
(q.v.) in Scotland.(1891a1) |
$H Dirki.
|
The Accadian n=
ame of
a city or district called by the Assyrians Diru,
and at present named Duair. (1876c1) |
$H Dirnacus.
|
A king of the country of the Marruai, who paid tribute to S=
amas
Rimmon, king of |
$H Dirri.
|
A district and people by the head of the <=
st1:place
w:st=3D"on">Tigris, who were conquered by Assurnazirpal.
(1876c1) |
$H Diru.
|
The Assyrian name for a city or district
called by the Accadians =
Dirki.
Its modern name is Duair. (1876c1) |
$H Diruta.
|
An important porcelain manufactory in the
|
![](3D"dim_files/image033.gif")
$H Discerniculum. Roman
|
R. (discerno, to divide). A b=
odkin
used by Roman women in the toilet to part their hair. (See COMBS.)(1883m1=
) |
$H Discharging Arch.
|
An arch built into t=
he
structure of a wall, to relieve the parts below it of the pressure of tho=
se
above it; such arches are common over flat‑headed doors or other
openings.(1883m1) |
$H Discinctus. Graeco-=
Roman
|
Gr. and R. (discingo, to ungird). A man who is ungirt, that is, who does=
not
wear a girdle round the waist of his tunic; for a man, this was a mark of
effeminate manners. Discinctus miles denoted a soldier who had=
been
stripped by his commander of his sword‑belt, as a mark of disgrace.
(Compare CINGULUM.)(1883m1) |
$H Disciple.
|
An artist who adopts=
the
general method of some noted master, and is inspired by his teaching or
example, is often said to be the =
disciple
of that master.(1891a1) |
$H Disclosed. Heraldry
|
Her. With expanded w=
ings, in
the case of birds that are not birds of prey. The contrary to CLOSE.(1883=
m1) |
$H Discobolus. Graeco-=
Roman
|
Discobolus, Gr. and R. (= *4= F6= @‑$= `8= @H[=3Ddisko‑bolos], i.e. discus= 209;throwing). A man throwing the Discus (q.= v.). [A celebrated statue of the sculptor Myron so called.] Fig. 253. Discobolus of Myron copied on a gem.(1883m1)
|
|
Discobolus. A quoit‑pla=
yer. The
discobolus was a favouri=
te
subject with Greek sculptors, and several admirable statues of discoboli have come down to us. By far th=
e most
celebrated is that of Myron, who represented the athlete in the distorted
attitude assumed just before the discus or quoit
was thrown. ILLUS. discobol(1891a1)
|
![](3D"dim_files/image034.gif")
![](3D"dim_files/image035.gif")
$H Discord.
|
An inharmonious or i=
ncongruous
arrangement of colours is often called a discord.(1891a1) |
$H Discus. Graeco-= Roman
|
A quoit.
As used in |
|
R. (*\F6@H[=3Ddiskos]; *46,Ã<[=3Ddikein], to thr=
ow). This
term denoted (1) the discus hurled by the DISCOBOLUS (q.v.); that is, a
circular plate of metal or stone, about ten or twelve inches in diameter.=
(2)
A sun‑dial. (3) A shallow circular vessel for holding eatables.(188=
3m1) |
$H Dish. Pottery
|
(Pot.) A broad flat =
vessel,
sometimes with a rim, sometimes without, upon which food is brought on to=
the
table.(1891a1) |
$H Disi.
|
An Assyrian astronomer in the reign of |
$H Disk.
|
A flat circular shee=
t of
metal or any other substance.(1891a1) |
--- $H Disk, Winged. Egypt
|
Winged Disk, The. See HOR BEHUTET.(1902b1) |
|
Disk. (See WINGED DISK.)(1883m1) [NOT THERE, See Wings-Ed.] |
|
Disk, Winged. The winged disk, with pendant crowned = uraei, carrying the cross of life. An emblem which was always placed over the doorways to the Egyptian temples, was supposed to represent the progress = of the sun in the heavens from the East to the West. As a form of the solar deity it was a symbol of the god Horus likewise, and was regarded by the Egyptians as the protecting or benevolent spirit, the Agathodaemon of the Greeks. Its analogue was in some respects the Ferohir of the Assyrians, a= nd perhaps the Spirit of the Sun of the Cabalists. (1876c1) |
$H Dismembered. Heraldry
|
(Her.) A term used to
describe figures of birds without claws or legs. A dismembered eagle is
frequently employed in German coats of arms. ILLUS. dismembe(1=
891a1)
|
![](3D"dim_files/image036.gif")
$H Disomum. Christian
|
Chr. (*\‑FT:@<[=3Ddi‑somon]=
, double‑bodied).
An urn or tomb which held the ashes or bodies of two persons; bisomum=
was
also used. Both terms are met with in Christian inscriptions.(1883m1) |
$H Disperse. =
|
To divide and spread=
over
the whole surface the interest of a work of art. To place in different pa=
rts
of the canvas the lights of a picture. It is a term of reproach, for when=
the
interest is dispersed the eye, attracted here and there, is unable to
concentrate itself on any one point.(1891a1) |
$H Displayed. Heraldry
|
(Her.) An eagle or o=
ther
bird is said to be displayed =
when
its wings are spread and turned towards the upper part of the shield. In =
this
case the feathers of the wings have the appearance of rays. ILLUS. displaye(1=
891a1)
|
|
Her. Birds of prey with expanded wings. Fig. 254 represents the crest of Edward IV., the falcon and fetterlock. Fig. 2= 54. Falcon Displayed.(1883m1)
|
![](3D"dim_files/image037.gif")
![](3D"dim_files/image038.gif")
$H Displuviatus, Displuviatum. Roman
|
R. An atrium, the ro=
of of
which was sloped outwards from the COMPLUVIUM (q.v.), instead of being sl=
oped
towards it. (See IMPLUVIUM and ATRIUM.)(1883m1) |
$H Disposed, Disposition. &= nbsp; Heraldry
|
Her. Arranged,
arrangement.(1883m1) |
$H Disposition. Painting
|
(Paint.) The arrange=
ment of
the various parts of a work of art. The disposition of a picture is eccen=
tric
when the drapery and accessories are not naturally arranged.(1891a1) |
$H Disproportion.
|
The absence of corre=
ct
subordination of one part of a picture to another.(1891a1) |
$H Distaff.
|
A common object in a=
ncient
art. It is an attribute of the Fates, and generally distaffs of gold were
given to the goddesses. It was dedicated to Minerva. (See COLUS.) The nam=
e of
St. Distaff's Day was given to the day after Twelfth Day in England.(1883=
m1) |
|
The distaff of the a=
ncients
was of very simple construction. It was simply made out of a cane, which,
when split at the top, formed a kind of basket, in which the flax was pla=
ced.
A ring was then put round it so as to hold the whole mass together. In
representations of the Fates, who spin the thread of life, a distaff is
always to be seen. Modern Italians make distaffs of the same material and=
in
the same manner to the present day. ILLUS. distaff(1891a1)
|
![](3D"dim_files/image039.gif")
$H Distance. = Painting
|
In a picture, the point of distance is that wh=
ere
the visual rays meet; middle dist=
ance
is the central portion of a picture, between the foreground and the ex=
treme
distance.(1883m1) |
|
(Paint.) The furthes=
t point
of sight in a picture. The point =
of
distance is in perspective the point where the visual rays meet; the
middle distance is the middle portion of a picture between the foreground=
and
the extreme distance.(1891a1) |
$H Distemper. Painting
|
A kind of painting i=
n which
the pigments are mixed with an aqueous vehicle, such as size. Distemper is painted on a dry surface. (See FRESCO̴=
9;PAINTING.)(1883m1) |
|
A method of colouring surfaces. In this method the colours are prepared with a solution of water and s=
ize,
or for small surfaces of water and gum. The method is mostly employed for=
colouring walls, and the distemper then consists of whiting, water, size, and the colour required.(1891a1) |
$H Ditriglyph. Roman
|
R. (*ÂH[=3Ddis], twice, an=
d JD\(8LN@H[=3Dtrigluphos]). T=
he space
between two triglyphs in the Doric order. The=
term
is therefore a synonym of METOPE (q.v.).(1883m1) |
$H Divergent.
|
Rays of light, or st=
raight
lines generally, are said to be divergent when they proceed from a point =
and
are inclined at an angle to one another, so that they separate further and
further from one another.(1891a1) |
$H Dividers.
|
Ordinary compasses f=
or
taking off and transferring measurements.(1883m1) |
$H Dividiculum.<= span style=3D'mso-spacerun:yes'> Roman
|
R. A reservoir in th=
e form
of a tower, in which the water of an aqueduct was collected, and whence it
was afterwards distributed. (See CASTELLUM.)(1883m1) |
$H Divs. Persia
|
The Persian name of the evil beings or man=
es
called Devas by the Zend=
s.
See Deva=
s
and Yaza=
tas.
(1876c1) |
$H Djahlah.
|
A noble Himyaritic
chief of the house of Mudad. See Maad. (1876c1) |
$H Djaraou. Egypt
|
The Egyptian name of an unidentified Syrian
city. (1876c1) |
$H Djasim.
|
The collective name of a number of Amalekite tribes, who settled in the district of |
$H Djemshid. Iran
|
In Iranian history, the mythical hero who =
led
the Aryan tribes in their first emigration to |
$H Djendib.
|
A king of the Arabs, who sent 100 camels as
tribute to Shalmaneser VI. at
|
$H Djonda. Arabia
|
In Arabic history, a wicked king of the |
$H Djotbons. Egypt
|
The father of the priest Ankhsnef,
which see. (1876c1) |