$H Dorelot.
|
A network for the ha=
ir, worn
by ladies in the 14th century. (See CALANTICA, CRESPINE, &c.)(1883m1)=
|
$H Doric (Order of Architecture).
|
Doric. An order of a=
ncient
architecture specially characterised by sobri=
ety of
ornament. In
|
|
Doric Order of Architecture. The earliest and simple=
st of
the three Greek orders. "The Grecian Doric order, at its best period=
, is
one of the most beautiful inventions of architecture ‑ strong and y=
et
elegant, graceful in outline and harmonious in all its forms, imposing wh=
en
on a great scale, and pleasing equally when reduced in size, by the exqui=
site
simplicity of its parts." (N=
ewlands.)
The columns of this order had no pedestal, nor base; the capital, which w=
as
half a diameter in height, had no astragal,
but a few plain fillets, with channels between them, under the ovolo, and a small channel below=
the
fillets. The ovolo is general=
ly
flat, and of great projection, with a quirk,
or return. On this was laid the ABACUS, which was only a plain tile, with=
out
fillet or ornament. A peculiarity of this order was the flutings of the column, twenty in number, shallow, and with s=
harp
edges. The best examples of the Grecian Doric of which we have descriptio=
ns
and figures are the temples; of Minerva (called the Parthenon) and of The=
seus
at Fig. 265. Column and Capital of the Doric Order.(1883m1)
|
![](3D"dor_files/image035.gif")
![](3D"dor_files/image036.gif")
$H Dormant or Couchant, Her. Asleep. (See COUCHANT.)= (1883m1)
$H Dormer.
|
(Fr. dormir, to sleep). The top
story in the roof of a house.(1883m1) |
|
A term denoting the =
upper
story in the roof of a house.(1891a1) |
--- $H Dormer à fronton triangulaire= .
|
In buildings of ston=
e this
form of dormer was frequently employed. Of this kind were many large dorm=
ers
belonging both to the Gothic and classical style. In the latter style the=
ir
summit was frequently richly decorated. ILLUS. dormer1a(1891a1)
|
![](3D"dor_files/image037.gif")
--- $H Do= rmer, Bulls Eye.
|
A dormer with a circ=
ular
opening. Dormers of this kind are generally connected to a base of
considerable size by ornamental scrolls, as in the cut. ILLUS.
|
![](3D"dor_files/image038.gif")
--- $H Dormer, Decorated.
|
The tympanum of a decorated dormer is ornamented w=
ith
sculptures, and its summit is cut into arcades or terminated with pinnacl=
es.
This form of dormer is frequently to be seen in buildings of the 15th and
16th centuries. In the triangular space above the window coats of arms or=
bas‑reliefs
are frequently carved. ILLUS. dormer1d
|
![](3D"dor_files/image039.gif")
--- $H Do= rmer, Flemish. <= /h2>
|
A dormer constructed=
in
stone or brick masonry, surmounted by a pediment à redans. These redans vary in number according to the height of the pediment. ILLUS. dormer1f(1891a1)
|
![](3D"dor_files/image040.gif")
--- $H Do= rmer, Gabled.
|
A dormer placed at t=
he upper
part of a roof and terminated by a gable.(1891a1) |
--- $H Do= rmer, Rampant. <= /h2>
|
A dormer without a p=
ediment
set in the middle of the roof. It is sloped, but at a different angle to =
the
inclination of the roof. The term is also applied to a dormer when its si=
ll
and lintel are not placed horizontally. ILLUS.
|
![](3D"dor_files/image041.gif")
--- $H Do= rmer, Square.
|
A dormer with a hori=
zontal
roof. Architecturally this dormer is quite unambitio=
us.
It is generally seen in private dwellings or country houses. ILLUS. dormer1s(1891a1)
|
![](3D"dor_files/image042.gif")
--- $H Do= rmer, Surbased.
|
A dormer the roof of=
which
is in the form of a segment of a circle. Zinc dormers of modern construct=
ion
generally assume this form. They are sometimes so ornamented as to break =
the
lines of the concentric mouldings. ILLUS. dormer2s(1891a1)
|
![](3D"dor_files/image043.gif")
--- $H Do= rmer Window.
|
Dormer Window. A gab=
led
window in the sloping side of a roof, projecting vertically; when it lies in the slope of the roof, it is a skylight.(1883m1) |
|
Dormer, Window. (Arc=
h.) A
vertical window projecting from the slope of the roof. In the 15th and 16=
th
centuries dormer windows played a great part in the decoration of
façades. Above the great tiled roofs of this period gigantic dormer
windows of carved stone surrounded with bell‑turrets and balustrades
were built. ILLUS. dormer2w(1891a1)
|
![](3D"dor_files/image044.gif")
$H Dormitory. Architecture
|
(Arch.) A sleeping
apartment, especially the sleeping‑room in monasteries and other
religious houses.(1891a1) |
$H Dorneck, Dornex, or Dornyks. Old English
|
O.E. An inferior dam=
ask,
wrought of silk, wool, linen thread, and gold, at To=
urnay
or Dorneck;
15th century.(1883m1) |
$H Dorothea, St.
|
St. Dorothea, virgin=
and
martyr, was born at Caesarea in |
$H Dorsale, Dosser,
Dossier.
|
Dorsa=
le,
Dosser, Dossier, Chr. (dorsum, the back). Pieces of tapestry or hangings put up in t=
he
arches or bays surrounding the choir of a church in order to screen the
clergy and choristers from draughts of air. Also pieces of tapestry hung =
upon
parapets, the panels of pulpits and stalls, and sometimes the backs of si=
de‑boards.
It was the custom to hang tapestry, cloth of |
|
Dosser. A term applied like dorsal to hangings of tap=
estry
placed at the east end of a church or against the walls of a hall. The na=
me
is derived from the fact that the hangings were placed at the back of the
officiating clergy or behind the chairs in a hall. The covering at the ba=
ck
of a seat is also called a dosser.(1891a1) |
|
Dorsal. A piece of embroidered
material or a piece of tapestry hung against the wall behind a seat or to
cover the back of a chair. The practice of employing drapery in this way =
was
frequent in the Middle Ages, and in the time of the Renaissance. In some
churches the stalls are ornamented with carving in imitation of dorsals. ILLUS. dorsal(1891a1)
|
![](3D"dor_files/image045.gif")
$H Dorsualia. Roman
|
R. (dorsum). An embroidered saddle‑cloth, which was laid ac=
ross
the back of a horse on the occasion of a triumphal entry, or on the backs=
of
victims for sacrifice. Examples of dorsualia occur on several monuments, in especial on a=
bas‑relief
of the arch of Titus, at Rome.(1883m1) |
$H Doryphorus.
|
Gen. (*@DL‑N`D@H[=3Ddoru‑phoros]).
Literally, spear‑bearer. Fig. 130 represents a Persian spear‑=
man.
A celebrated statue of Polycleitus (of the (1)
The length of the horizontally extended arms equals the height of the fig=
ure. (2)
The head is an eighth, the fa=
ce a tenth of the whole height. (3)
From the top of the scalp to the nipples is one‑fourth. (4)
From the nipples to horizontal line across the centre of the square ̴=
9;
the pubes ‑ is one‑fo=
urth. (5)
From that line to one just below the knee‑cap is one‑fourth. (6)
From that line to the ground is o=
ne‑fourth. (7)
The fore‑arm (from the elbow) is a fourth
of the height; the hand a tenth.(1883m1)
|
![](3D"dor_files/image046.gif")
$H Dose or Dosall. O.E. (Lat. DORSALE, q.v.). =
(1883m1)
$H Dossar. (See DORSALE.)<= /span> (1883m1)
$H Dosser, Dossier, Dors=
ale. [See Dorsale-Editor ]
$H Dossier, Dorsale, Dos=
ser. [See Dorsale-Editor ]
$H Douai
|
A manufactory of mod=
ern
faience established in 1784, producing stone‑wares and "cailloutages."(1883m1) |
$H Douat Egypt
|
$H Douat: the Underworld. (1894e1)<=
/span>=
|
$H Doublé.
|
Fr. (1) The term is =
applied
to precious stones, when cemented upon glass. (2) The inside linin=
g of a
well‑bound book.(1883m1) |
$H Double‑handed Swords.
|
These huge weapons w=
ere used
in the 15th and 16th centuries in warfare, and were retained in public
ceremonies until a later date. They were of great length, and wielded with
both hands.(1891a1) |
$H Doublet.
|
Doublet, although deriving its name from the French =
word doublée (lined), is in th=
at
language more generally known as "Pourpoint," of which, in fact=
, it
is merely a variety. It first appeared in Fig. 267. Doublet costume, temp. Elizabeth.(1883m1)
|
![](3D"dor_files/image047.gif")
$H Doubling. Heraldry
|
Her. The lining of a=
mantle
or mantling.(1883m1) |
$H Doun-se-pa-nefer. Egypt
|
A devotee of Apis,
in the time of Amasis II. He was the son of <=
span
class=3DSpellE>Ouzahor and the lady Khaskhem<=
/span>.
(1876c1) |
$H Dove.
|
In Christian art the=
dove is
the symbol of the Holy Ghost, as well as the emblem of love, innocence,
purity, and peace. A pyx in the form of a dov=
e was
often hung above the altar of a church, and such a one is shown in our cu=
t.
ILLUS. dove(1891a1)
|
|
A Christian symbol of frequent occurrence; it expres= ses candour, gentleness, innocence, faith, and, in especial, the Holy Spirit.= It is also a symbol of martyrdom and grief, and in this signification appears frequently represented on tombs and sarcophagi. With an olive‑bough= in its mouth it is a symbol of peace, and accordingly the inscription PAX (Peace) is often found accompanying representations of the dove, more particularly in the catacombs. With the Assyrians and Babylonians the dove was the symbol of Semiramis, who, according to them, took this shape on leaving earth. The dove was the favourite bird of Venus. As a symbol of conjugal fidelity, the device of two turtle‑doves was adopted by Giovanna of Austria on her marriage with Francesco de' Medici. (Fig. 268.= ) Fig. 2= 68. Two Doves. Device of Giovanna de' Medici.(1883m1)
|
![](3D"dor_files/image048.gif")
![](3D"dor_files/image049.gif")
--- $H Do= ves, the Eucharistic.
|
Sacred vessels of go=
ld,
silver, gilded bronze, or ivory, in the form of a dove, a tower, &c.,
which served as receptacles for the reserved Host; they were hung up in t=
he
middle of the CIBORIUM (q.v.). At the Amiens Museum a dove of this kind i=
s to
be seen dating from the 12th century, and at the church of St. Nazaire at Milan there is one of silver, gilded wit=
hin
and enamelled without, which is also very
ancient.(1883m1) |
$H Dovetail, Dove‑tail or Swallow‑tail.
|
Dove‑tail or Swallow‑tail, Gen. A method= of joining employed for wood, stone, or iron, and so called because the teno= n by which the joint is effected is cut in the shape of a dove‑tail or swallow‑tail. This tail fits into a notch (Fig. 269). The ancients employed double dovetails for joining stones together; this method of construction was called Opus REVINCTUM (q.v.). Fig. 269. Dove‑tailed Masonry.(1883m1)
|
|
Dovetail. A method of
joining employed both in wood and stone work. A teno=
n,
shaped like a dove's tail, fits into a notch similar to it in shape and s=
ize.
Dovetails form a weak joint in carpentry, as wood shrinks more across the
grain than along it. ILLUS. dovetail(1891a1)
|
![](3D"dor_files/image050.gif")
![](3D"dor_files/image051.gif")
--- $H Do= ve‑tail Moulding. Architecture
|
Arch. (Norman; calle=
d also
TRIANGULAR FRETTE). Decorated with running bands in the form of dove̴=
9;tails.(1883m1) |
$H Dowel. Architecture
|
(Arch.) A dowel is a
slightly tapering pin of iron fixed in a stone so as to fit into a hole m=
ade
in a stone opposite to it. The joint thus formed is called a dowel‑=
joint.(1891a1) |
$H Dowlas. Old English
|
O.E. Coarse linen cl=
oth made
in |