$H El. Or Al.
|
Al. Or
El. "God." The nam=
e of
the supreme deity of the ancient Nabatheans. =
He was
the universal deity of |
|
El. "The God." A name of the Phenician dei= ty Hadad, which see. He was the analogue of the Ilu of the Babylonians. (187= 6c1) |
$H Elaeolite.
|
Elaeolite (lit. oil‑stone). A mineral having a= fatty resinous lustre.(1883m1) |
$H Elaeothesium.= Graeco-= Roman
|
Gr. and R. A room in a suite of baths where oils, perfumes, and essences were kept, and the bathers were anointed and rubbe= d.(1883m1) |
$H Elamu.
|
The Semitic or Assyrian name of the distri=
ct
now called Khuzistan. (1876c1) |
$H Elani.
|
A district North of Assyria, conquered by =
|
$H Elaphebolia.<= span style=3D'mso-spacerun:yes'>
|
Gr. Athenian festivals held in the month called Elaphebolion, or the ninth month= of the year, when a stag (= §8= "N= @H[=3Delaphos]) was sacrificed to Diana.= (1883m1) |
$H ELASI. See Ameresk. (1876c1)
$H Elbow.
|
Elbows, Mod. (Fr. accoudoirs). The divisions between the stalls in a church, also called by the French "museaux," from the fact of their ends being ornamented with an animal's head.(1883m1) |
|
Elbow. (Arch.) A nam=
e given
to the arms of stalls in churches. Persons seated on the misericordiae could rest their arms upon the
elbows. The surface of the elbow was sometimes quite flat, sometimes brok=
en
by a border. It was supported
either by a colonnette or clusters of foliage=
. In
many cases it consisted of a group of figurines. ILLUS. elbow(1891a1)
|
![](3D"el_files/image011.gif")
$H Elbow‑gauntlet.
|
A long gauntlet of plate armour, adopted from the As= iatics in the 16th century.(1883m1) |
$H Elbow‑pieces.
|
Elbow‑pieces (Fr. coudières). Plate armour to cover the joint at the elb= ow.(1883m1) |
$H Elbs.
|
In Scandinavian and Teutonic mythology, a
species of mischievous genii of two kinds, elbs of
light and elbs of darkness. The latter were c=
hiefly
interested in the metallic riches of the earth, and they formed a numerous
company, having their own king. They were analogous to, if not the same a=
s,
the gnomes. (1876c1) |
$H Electoral Bonnet. Heraldry
|
Her. A cap of crimson velvet guarded with ermine, bo=
rne
over the inescutcheon of the arms of |
$H Electron. Egypt
|
An
amalgam consisting of two-fifths gold and three-fifths silver.(1902b1) |
$H Electrotint.<= span style=3D'mso-spacerun:yes'>
|
A method of preparing engraved copper plates for the printing‑press by the electrotype process. (See Art Journal, 1850.)(1883m1) |
$H Electrotype.
|
The process whereby works in relief are produced by = the agency of electricity, through which certain metals, such as gold, silver, and copper, are precipitated from their solutions upon moulds in so fine a state of division as to form a coherent mass of pure metal, equal in toughness and flexibility to the hammered metals. (Fairholt.) At the present day electrotypes are generally taken from engravings on wood for printing from.(1883m1) |
|
A method of obtainin=
g a
reproduction of a bas‑relief or engraved plate by placing a mould o=
f it
in a bath, in which, by means of electricity, a thick coating of metal is
deposited on the mould. The mould is then removed and there remains a
reproduction in metal of the bas‑relief or plate. This process is of
great service in art, but perhaps its widest application is in the art of
engraving. Wood‑cuts are seldom printed from now, electrotypes of t=
hem
being generally employed. The result of this is that a far larger number =
of
impressions may be obtained than formerly, and the wood‑block may be
indefinitely repeated. At the same time it cannot be denied that the prac=
tice
of electrotyping has detracted very much from the beauty of wood‑en=
graving.(1891a1) |
$H Electrum.
|
An alloy of gold and=
silver which
was used instead of gold by the Greeks and Romans in making coins. In |
|
Electrum (=
³8=
,6=
JD=
@<[=3Delektron]). In Homer and Hesiod=
this
word means amber. Pliny says =
that
when gold contains a fifth part of silver, it is called electrum. Its col=
our
was whiter and more luminous than that of gold, and the metal was suppose=
d to
betray the presence of poison. Specimens are rare. A beautiful vase of
electrum is preserved in the |
$H Elements. Christian
|
Chr. The bread and the wine in the Lord's Supper. In= the Eastern liturgies the unconsecrated elements are called "the MYSTERIES," and the bread alone the SEAL (= FN= D"= (Â= H[=3Dsphragis]), from its being divided by lines in the form of a cross. The interesting subject of the composition and form of the elements in the early churches= is fully discussed in the "Dictionary of Christian Antiquities" (S= mith and Cheetham).(1883m1) |
$H Elemine.
|
A crystallized resin used to give consistency to the varnish which forms part of the composition of lacquer.(1883m1) |
$H Elenchus.
|
Elenchus R. (= §8= ,(= P@= H[=3Delengchos]). (1) A pear‑shaped pearl highly esteemed by the= Roman ladies, who wore such pearls mounted as drops or pendants to brooches and rings. (See the illustration to CROTALIUM.) (2) An index to a book.(1883m1) |
$H Elephant.
|
In mediaeval heraldry this animal is a symbol of pie= ty, from an ancient legend, mentioned by AElian, Pliny, and others, that it h= as in religious reverence, with a kind of devotion, not only the stars and planets, but also the sun and moon.(1883m1) |
$H Elephantine o=
r Elephantiné. Egypt
|
Elephantiné. The Greek name for the capital of Ab,
the first nome of |
|
|
$H Elephant Paper.
|
Drawing‑paper manufactured in sheets, measurin= g 28 inches by 23. Double Elephant Pap= er measures 40 inches by 26 3/4.(1883m1) |
|
A term applied to dr=
awing
paper of a large size, its dimensions being twenty‑eight inches by
twenty‑two. The dimensions of double elephant paper for printing
purposes are forty by twenty‑seven. Drawing boards of similar dimen=
sions
are also termed elephant and =
double elephant.(1891a1) |
$H Eleusinian Mysteries. Greek
|
The holiest and most venerated of the Greek festival=
s. The
Lesser Eleusinia, held at Agrae in the month Anthesterion, were a prepara=
tion
for the Greater, which were celebrated at |
$H Eleutheria. Greek
|
A Greek festival in honour of Zeus Eleutherios (the Deliverer).(1883m1) |
$H Elevati of Ferrara .
|
One of the Italian literary academies. Their device = was from the fable of Hercules and Antaeus, with the motto from Horace, "= ;Superat tellus, sidera donat" (Earth conquers us, but gives us Heaven).(= 1883m1) |
$H Elevation. 1. Architecture; 2. Christian
|
(1) In Architecture, &c., a perpendicular plan d= rawn to a scale. (2) In Christian archaeology, the lifting up of the elements at certain points in the Eucharist=
ic
service, universally prescribed in the early Oriental liturgies, and
introduced into the |
$H Elga. "The Lofty God."
|
A title of the deity El among the ancient =
Nabatheans. In that form his feminine counterpart w=
as the
goddess Alath. (1876c1) |
$H Elg=
in
|
At the beginning of =
the present century Lord Elgin car=
ried
off from |
|
Friezes and metopes from the Parthenon at Fig.
282. Bas‑relief from the frieze of the Parthenon. One of the
|
![](3D"el_files/image012.gif")
$H Eliadad.
|
A Syrian general who took the city of |
$H Elimiel.
|
In Cabalistic mythology the intelligence of
the moon. (1876c1) |
$H Elissa.
|
The daughter of Matha=
n,
king of |
$H Eliun.
|
Another name of the P=
henician
deity Hypsistus, which see. (1876c1) |
$H Elizabeth, Queen.
|
The costume and the royal appurtenances of this mona=
rch
are well illustrated by the Royal Seal. In the Royal Arms we see the lions
and the lilies ( Fig. 283. Great Seal of Queen Elizabeth. Fig. 284. Great Seal of Queen Eli= zabeth.(1883m1)
|
![](3D"el_files/image013.gif")
![](3D"el_files/image014.gif")
$H Elizabethan.
|
The style of architecture and decoration gradually
developed during the reign of the Tudors in |
|
The style of archite=
cture
which prevailed in |
$H Elizabethan Ware.
|
A name incorrectly g=
iven to
a kind of earthenware, of the decoration which was said to have been copi=
ed
from the chasings upon the silver plate of Queen Elizabeth's time.(1891a1=
) |
$H Elkais. Egypt
|
The modern name for the city and name in <=
st1:place
w:st=3D"on">Upper Egypt, called by the Greeks Cynopolis.
(1876c1) |
$H El-Kargeh . Egypt
|
The modern name of the ancient town Hibe, the capital of the great Oasis in the Libyan
desert; famous for its ancient |
$H Ellasar. "City of Assur."
|
The name by which the Chaldean
city of Larra, or Larsa<=
/span>,
is mentioned in Hebrew history. (1876c1) |
$H Ellat-Gula.
|
Queen of |
$H Ellinzas.
|
A city of |
$H Ellipi.
|
A region near Ispahan=
in |
$H Ellipse or Elipsis.<= /span>
|
Ellipsis, Ellipse. A figure formed by cutting a co= ne obliquely across its length; hence - Ellipsograph. An instrument for describing a semi‑ellipse.(1883m1) |
|
Ellipse. A plane cur=
ve
traced out by a point which moves so that the sum of its distances from t=
wo
fixed points is constant. Each of these fixed points is called a focus of the ellipse. An ellipse=
may
also be defined as the section of a right circular cone made by a plane
inclined to the axis of the cone at an angle greater than the cone's semi=
‑vertical
angle. ILLUS. ellipse(1891a1)
|
![](3D"el_files/image015.gif")
$H Ellipsograph.=
|
An instrument for describing a semi‑ellipse.(1= 883m1) |
|
An instrument for tr=
acing
ellipses. It consists of two grooved rods fixed at right angles and a mov=
able
rod sliding between them so that one end of it glides in each groove. A
pencil is attached to the movable rod, and as this rod passes from one
extreme position to the other extreme position, the pencil traces out the
quadrant of an ellipse. If the pencil is attached in the middle of the movable rod, the curve traced out will be the
quadrant of a circle.(1891a1) |
$H Ellipsoid.
|
A solid figure such =
that its
section through each principal plane is an ellipse.(1891a1) |
$H Ellotia or Hellotia. Greek
|
A Corinthian festival with a torch‑race, in ho= nour of Athena as a goddess of fire.(1883m1) |
$H Ellychnium.
|
Ellychnium R. (= 8b= P<= @H[=3Dluchnos], a light). The wick of an= oil lamp; it was made of flax fibres or papyrus.(1883m1) |
$H Eloy, St.
|
The son of obscure <=
span
class=3DGramE>parents, was born at Charetas.
He was employed by Clotaire II. first
as goldsmith and afterwards in various positions of trust. He was consecr=
ated
Bishop of Noyon in the reign of Clovis II. He=
was
famous as much for the holiness of his life as for his skill as a worker =
in
metal. Many are the legends that have gathered round his name. On one
occasion he was shoeing a horse which was possessed by a devil. St. Eloy cut his leg off, put on the shoe, and then rep=
laced
the leg by making the sign of a cross. When plagued by Satan himself, the
saint is said to have seized the evil one by the nose. These two incident=
s of
his life are generally treated in pictures of St. El=
oy,
who is usually represented with an anvil, on which a horse's leg lies bes=
ide
him. There are numerous statues and pictures of him in existence, one bei=
ng
the work of Botticelli.(1891a1) |
$H Eltekon. Or Eltheca.
|
The Hebrew name of the city called by the
Assyrians Altaqa, or Alt=
aegu,
which see. (1876c1) |
$H Eluli.
|
King of |
$H Eluni.
|
A people in the mountains of Mesopotamia, =
who
were subdued by Assurrisilim, king of |
$H Elzevir.
|
The Elzevir
family, who have given their name to a particu=
lar
class of books, were printers and booksellers in Li&=
egrave;ge
from 1540 to 1712. The books known as Elzevirs are small volumes of great beauty and rarity.=
(1891a1) |