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A small kingdom in |
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The Assyrian name of a city which was call=
ed
by the Accadians Amardaki. Its site is unknown. (1876c1) |
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One of five chiefs who incited the Libyans=
, to
their great loss, to revolt against Rameses III. (1876c1) |
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An unidentified Syrian town which was take=
n by
Rameses II. after the battte of Kadesh. (1876c1) |
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The second of the ten great tribes of |
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Marasara. Or=
Maursar. A king of the Hittites. He was the son of Sapalala, and one of t=
heir
most powerful leaders. Taking advantage of the discontent of the Canaanit=
es
with the Egyptian rule, he extended the power of the Hittite confederacy,
which caused the invasion of |
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Marble. The finest f=
or
statuary, from |
|
Marble. A carbonated
limestone rock of great hardness and of various colouring. After being cu=
t,
trimmed, and polished this stone offers very strong resistance to the att=
acks
of time and weather. Architects have very frequently employed coloured ma=
rble
for pavements and the like, as also for decorating façades. Statua=
ries
generally use white, not veined marble. The finest antique works have been
sculpted in marble from |
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Imitation of marble executed in stucco.(1891a1) |
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The marble most highly prized among the Greeks was that
which was quarried in the |
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Marble from |
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White, not veined marble.(1891a= 1) |
|
A description of paper imitating the colours or patterns=
of
marble, used for ornamenting the outsides of volumes, cardboard,
&c.(1891a1) |
|
Marble Silk had a we=
ft of
several colours so woven as to make the whole web look like marble stained with a variety of
tints. On the 6th of November, 1551, "the old qwyne of Schottes rod
thrught |
|
A description of painting in imitation of marble; a chan=
ce
medley of colours, reproducing the spots and veins of marble, with which =
the
sides of bound books are sometimes covered.(1891a1) |
|
Marbling "is an=
art
which consists in the production of certain patterns and effects by means=
of
colours so prepared as to float on a mucilaginous liquid. While so floati=
ng
they form into patterns, which are taken off on to a sheet of paper (for =
book‑covers),
or to the smoothly cut edges of a book, by dipping." (Woolnough, The Whole Art of Marbling=
,
1881.)(1883m1) |
|
In Chaldean astronomy an unidentified fixed
star. (1876c1) |
|
R. A blacksmith's ha=
mmer; a
sledge‑hammer. (See MALLEUS.)(1883m1) |
|
Mardelles, Margelles=
, or
Marges, Celt. Excavations met with in several parts of |
|
The eighth of the ten great tribes of |
|
A Persian officer, the father of Gobryas, =
an
officer and friend of Darius Hystaspes. (1876c1) |
|
Whose name is written Amarud or Silikmulud=
ug,
or phonetically Mar-duk, and is the Hebrew |
|
A nome of |
|
According to the legend St. Margaret was born in Antioch,
and on her refusal to marry the governor of that city she was subjected to
the cruellest tortures. She was confined in a dungeon, where Satan, in the
form of a dragon of hideous mien, tried to break her spirit, but she
triumphed over all her persecutions and gained many converts to the Chris=
tian
faith. She was finally beheaded. She has always been regarded as the type=
of
purity, and she is the patron saint of women in childbirth. Artistic
representations of her are frequent. She is generally standing over the
prostrate dragon, which she overcomes with the cross.(1891a1) |
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The Greek name of the Iranian district of
Muru, which see. (1876c1) |
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The Accadian name of a town, the site of w=
hich
is unknown. (1876c1) |
|
An unidentified Egyptian city, which was
vainly held by the rebel chiefs against Piankhi Mer-amen of the XXIInd
dynasty. (1876c1) |
|
A Himyaritic capital city, which was found=
ed
by the pre-Kahtanide Arabs. It was famous for a great dyke, the execution=
of
which marked an era in Arabic history. (1876c1) |
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A king of |
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An Hindu deity, emanating from Brahma, and
having the power of creation. See=
Angiras. (1876c1) |
|
A painter who devotes himself to the representation of s=
ea
subjects, and to the various effects observable on the sea‑shore or=
on
the open sea under the varying circumstances of atmosphere and
weather.(1891a1) |
|
A boy who, on an Etruscan mirror, sits on =
the
thigh of Lenith, the Etruscan spirit of "life." Probably he was=
the
genius of beauty. (1876c1) |
|
A boy who, on an Etruscan mirror from Vulc=
i,
stands over a water-jug by the side of Menerva. (1876c1) |
|
A boy who, on an Etruscan mirror, sits on =
the
thigh of Hermes. (1876c1) |
|
The Etruscan Cupid. He was the Eros of the
Greeks. (1876c1) |
|
Mark, O.E. An ancien=
t coin,
value 13s. 4d.; formerly the equivalent of 30 silver pennies.(1883m1) |
|
The works of artists, whether painters, engravers, potte=
rs,
or goldsmiths, are frequently signed with a conventional mark, which takes
the form sometimes of a punning device, sometimes of a monogram. The mark=
s on
the bottom of pieces of porcelain frequently tell us the date as well as =
the
locale of its manufacture. Goldsmiths' work may also be identified by the
mark or cypher placed upon it. We give here the mark adopted by the communautés d'orfèvres=
at Bar‑le‑Duc. But it is the engravers who have made the most
frequent use of marks. Some
engravers indeed are only known to us by a rebus or cypher. Such are the
"Master of the Die" and the "Master of the Rat," whose
mark we give. Lucas Cranach signed his works with a dragon holding a ring=
in
his mouth, Hufnagel with a nail surrounded by an E, while Hans Schaufelin
employed cross shovels. The marks of these three artists are given in the
cut. 3 ILLUS. mark1,
mark2, mark3(1891a1)
|
|
A mystical title of Amen Ra, applied to hi=
m in
the CLXVIth chapter of the Ritual of the Dead. (1876c1) |
|
(Paint.) Indicated too distinct= ly, accentuated. In a landscape, for instance, the distances are too marked w= hen instead of being suggested with a light touch, they are painfully and laboriously insisted upon.(1891a1) |
|
(Her.) This is another name for difference (q.v.) or =
brisure.
It is a mark added to a shield to distinguish the individual wearer from
other members of the family who are also entitled to the same coat of
arms.(1891a1) |
|
Fixed points or marks, the object of which is the guidan=
ce
of artist or workman while his work is in progress. Thus it is by means of
guiding marks that several colours may be printed by successive printings=
on
one sheet of paper.(1891a1) |
|
The evangelist and friend of St. Peter is said to have
suffered martyrdom in the year 68 A.D. In the 9th century his bones were
taken from |
|
(Pot.) A French term, denoting the inside border of a pl=
ate
or dish. Filets of gold or colour are frequently drawn upon this border.
Dishes of
|
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A king of the Libyans. He was the son of K=
ing
Batta and Queen Deid, or Dido. He was lost in the battle fought against
Menepthah II., by whom his people were with great loss defeated. (1876c1)=
|
|
Marmouset, Arch. Fr.
(monkey). A grotesque figure introduced into architectural decoration in =
the
13th century.(1883m1) |
|
Marmoset. (Arch.) Small figures, found principally in
buildings of the Gothic style, placed in a squat or grotesque attitude on=
the
profile of mouldings at regular intervals. These small figures frequently
hold a phylactery in front of them partially concealing their bodies. ILLUS. marmoset(1891a1)
|
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The chief town of the Mareotic nome of |
|
The chief and scribe of |
|
Fr. (maroufler, to line). A method of house‑painting in |
|
The capital city of |
|
Marquess, Marquis, Her. The second order of the Brit=
ish
peerage, in rank next to that of duke, was introduced into
|
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A method of decoration by placing in juxtaposition piece=
s of
wood, metal, or other materials variously coloured. The taste for marquet=
ry
was introduced in
|
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Inlaid‑work of
ornamental woods and stones of various colours put together and mixed with
metals. The art has existed from the earliest ages; but no nation has bro=
ught
it to a higher degree of perfection than the Italians of the 15th century.
The Florentines especially have produced work of this kind which is
unapproached; the Medici chapel at
|
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Marquise. (Arch.) The term marquise
is applied to a light roof which projects from the façade of a
building. It is generally placed over a flight of steps. On the outside of
theatres marquises of conside=
rable
length are not infrequently to be seen. Almost invariably they have a gla=
ss
roof. ILLUS. marquis=
e(1891a1)
|
|
R. A kind of hoe with indented teeth, used for teari=
ng up
weeds. (Fig. 445.)<=
span
lang=3DFR style=3D'mso-ansi-language:FR;mso-no-proof:no'> Fig. 445. Marra.(1883m1)
|
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A country rendered tributary by Samas-Rimm=
on,
king of |
|
Mars. (1.) [See Ares.] (2) (Paint.) This term is used to describe a series =
of
artificially prepared pigments coloured by oxide of iron. They are called
Mars Brown, Mars Orange, Mars Red, and Mars Yellow. They are all useful
pigments and generally permanent.(1891a1) |
|
Mars Brown. A brown =
pigment.(1883m1) |
|
Mars (Reds, &c.).
Calcined earths of which the brightness of the redness is regulated by the
duration of the roasting.(1883m1) |
|
This ancient city ha=
s at all
times been celebrated in the ceramic arts. Fig. 446 gives a representative
specimen of modern polychrome work, decorated with flowers easily recogni=
zed
by the disposition of their long stalks. These flowers are, in other
specimens, accompanied by marine landscapes. Other polychrome services are
called from their designs "services aux insectes." Fig. 446. Teapot of
|
|
R. (:"DFbB4@<[=3Dmarsupion]). A purse for containing money; =
it was
made of leather and shaped like a pear, being confined at the top with a
string. (Hence the adjective marsupial applied to the kangaroo,
&c.)(1883m1) |
|
Martel de Fer, Med. =
A weapon
which had at one end a pick, and at the other a hammer, axe‑blade, =
half‑moon,
mace‑head, or other fanciful termination. (Meyrick.)(1883m1) |
|
Martel‑de‑fer. A weapon, which was the
development of the hammer. It had a hammer one side and a pick the other,=
and
no doubt was a very efficient destroyer of armour. Our three cuts represe=
nt
specimens belonging to the periods of Edward IV., Henry VIII., and Elizab=
eth
respectively. ILLUS. marteld=
e(1891a1)
|
|
(Arch.) A round tower armed with guns, such as Charles V.
built in Sardinia and |
|
The brother of Abd-shems-aslam, which see.
(1876c1) |
|
St. Martha, the sister of Mary, who "troubled herse=
lf
about many things," is regarded not inappropriately as the patron sa=
int
of housewives. According to the legend, she came to |
|
|
|
The son of Sisicres. He incited the people=
of |
|
Martlet, Her. Bird, usually represented without feet. (Figs. 447, 448.) Fig. 447. Early, Heraldic Martlet. Fig. 448. Heraldic Martlet.(1883m1)<= /p>
|
|
Martlet. (Her.) This is the name for the conventional
swallow employed in heraldry. It is always shown without legs and beak an=
d in
profile with the wings closed. The martlet
is the special mark of cadency
assigned to a fourth son. ILLUS. martlet(1891a1)
|
|
Chr. An altar erecte=
d over
the tomb of a martyr.(1883m1) |
|
The capital city of the |
|
A king of Babylonia, who was completely ro=
uted
and his kingdom plundered by an invasion of the Assyrians, under Samsi-Vu=
l or
Samas Rimmon III., king of |
|
An early Babylonian king, the son of
Iribamaruduk. He built a temple to the goddess Nin-dimirri, probably one =
of
the names of the goddess Nana, as her temple was called Bit-anna. (1876c1=
) |
|
The foster-brother of Maruduk-zikur-izkir,
king of Babylonia, against whom he rebelled, but who defeated and slew hi=
m by
the help of Shalmaneser II., king of |
|
The governor of Amida, in the first year of
Shalmaneser IV. He was eponym of the year B.C. 726, in which year there
"was peace in the land." (1876c1) |
|
The king of the country of Zimri, South-ea=
st
of |
|
A king of |
|
The governor of Sallat in the reign of
Vul-nirari III. He was eponym of the year B.C. 796, the chief event in wh=
ich
was an expedition to Deri. (1876c1) |
|
The chief of the |
|
The Rabbitur of |
|
A king of |
|
An Assyrian officer, to whom Tammaritu, ki=
ng
of |
|
An Assyrian governor, in the reign of
Vul-nirari III., the name of whose district is lost. He was eponym of the
year B.C. 785, the chief events in which were an expedition to Hupuskia, =
and
"the great god to Deri went." (1876c1) |
|
The governor of Amidi, in the reign of
Vul-nirari III., and eponym of the year B.C. 800, the chief event in which
was an expedition to Media. (1876c1) |
|
The Rabbitur of Shalmaneser III., and epon=
ym
of the year B.C. 779, the chief event in which was an expedition to Arara=
t.
(1876c1) |
|
The general of Urtaki, king of |
|
A king of |
|
A tribe in |
|
In Vedic mythology the winds adored as
deities. They are supposed to have been the origin of the Tritopatores of
ancient Greek religion. (1876c1) |
|
A hill near |
|
An early capital city of the Himyarites in
South-western |
|
In Hindu mythology the headless goddess of=
the
Pariah caste; she is said to have been the wife of a man named Shamadagan=
i,
by whose order his sons beheaded her. (1876c1) |
|
It. The Lion of Fig. 449. Il Marzo=
cco, the
bronze Lion now in the Bargello at
|