$H Pe. Egypt
|
An unidentified city in the Lower Egyptian=
nome of Patanut. The na=
me was a
common one. (1876c1) |
$H Peach‑stone Black.
|
Peach‑stone Bl=
ack,
prepared from calcined stones of fruits, is a
handsome colour, but has a reddish tinge. Gro=
und
with oil and white lead, the colour called old gray is obtained.(1883m1) |
$H Peacock.
|
Peacock. In
classical art the peacock is the attribute of Hera
(q.v.) or Juno. In the Christian art of the Byzantine period it symbolizes
the resurrection.(1891a1) |
|
Peacock, R. and Chr. In antiquity the peacock was sacred to Juno, a=
nd is
called Junon=
ia avis. It is represented on Roman
imperial coins bearing the empresses up to heaven, as the eagle does the
emperors; and hence in Christian archaeology is the symbol of the
resurrection. (Her., see Fig. 398, IN PRIDE.)(1883m1)
|
![](3D"pe_files/image037.gif")
$H Pea‑green. (See CHRYSOCOLLA.) (1883m1)<= /h1>
$H Pean.
|
Pean, Her. One of the furs; represented in gold spo=
ts on
a black ground.(1883m1) |
|
Pean or Paean. A song or shout of triumph.(1883m1) |
|
Paean (Gr. |
$H Pe-ankh-em-tanen. Egypt
|
An Egyptian gentleman in the XIXth dynasty. He was the son of the lady Hotep-beset. (1876c1) |
$H Pea=
rl
|
|
$H Peau. Heraldry
|
(Her.) This fur diff= ers only from ermine in the tinctures of its field and spots, which are sable and = or respectively. It is thus the reverse of erminois (q.v.).(1891a1)<= o:p> |
$H Pe-ba-neb-tattu. "Temple Egypt
|
The sacred name of the city of |
$H Pebble. A name given by lapidaries to many
different stories.(1883m1)
$H Pechblende or Pech‑urane.
|
Germ. An ore of uran=
ium and
iron, used in porcelain painting and glass, producing a handsome greenish=
‑yellow
pigment.(1883m1) |
$H Pecten.
|
Egyp. and R. (pecto, =
to
comb). (1) A comb for the h=
air;
among the Egyptians and Romans they were made of boxwood or ivory. (See
COMB.) (2) A weaver's comb =
for
pressing the threads of the web firmly together. (3) A comb for cardi=
ng flax
or wool. (4) A reaper's
"comb," used in several countries, especially (5) A haymaker's rak=
e,
&c.(1883m1) |
$H Pectinated. Having teeth like a comb.(1883m1)
$H Pectoral.
|
Gen. (pectus, the breast). A pl=
ate
forming the front of a cuirass, and thus covering the chest.(1883m1) |
$H Peculium.
|
R. Property or earni=
ngs
which a slave or a filius familias
was permitted to acquire and consider as his own, although in strict law =
it
belonged to the master or father. The slave was sometimes allowed by
agreement to use this peculium for the purpos=
e of
purchasing his liberty.(1883m1) |
$H Pecunia.
|
R. Money; so called =
from pecus, =
a herd
of cattle, Man's primitive medium of exchange.(1883m1) |
$H Pedal. Music
|
In Music, a passage =
where
the harmony moves upon a sustained sound, which is either the dominant or=
the
tonic of the key.(1883m1) |
$H Pede‑cloth. Christianity
|
Chr. A carpet laid on the space between the altar =
and
the rails.(1883m1) |
$H Pedestal. Architecture
|
Pedestal. (Arch.) A =
support,
upon which a statue is placed. It is generally square, and is provided wi=
th mouldings, a base, and a cornice. The square part is
termed the dado. Pedestals upon which statues stand in gardens are someti=
mes
cylindrical or cut cantwise. 2 ILLUS. pedesta1, pedesta2(18=
91a1)
|
|
Pedestal, Gen. The b=
ase of a
structure; the base supporting a statue, group, or monumental column. A
pedestal has three parts: the bas=
e
or foot next the ground, the =
dado or die forming the centre, and the cornice or =
surbase mouldings
at the top. Fig. 527 represents a half‑section of the base of Trajan's column at Rome; Fig. 528 a half‑sect=
ion of
the base of the column dedicated to Antoninus=
Pius,
and preserved in the Pio Clementino
Museum at Rome; lastly, Fig. 529 gives a part of the pedestal or base of =
the Pandrosium at Athens; when, however, pedestals supp=
ort
caryatides or columns, they are more commonly called STYLOBATES (q.v.). Fig. 527. Pedestal of Trajan's
Column. Fig. 528. Pedestal of Column o=
f Antoninus Pius. Fig. 529. Pedestal of the Androsium=
at Athens.(1883m1)
|
![](3D"pe_files/image038.gif")
![](3D"pe_files/image039.gif")
![](3D"pe_files/image040.gif")
![](3D"pe_files/image041.gif")
![](3D"pe_files/image042.gif")
$H Pedica.
|
R. (1) A snare by wh=
ich an
animal is caught by the foot (pes). (2) Fetters or irons=
worn on
the feet by slaves.(1883m1) |
$H Pediculated, Arch. Sustained or supported by a PEDICULE (q.v.).(1883m1)
$H Pedicule. Architecture
|
Pedicule. (Arch.) An isolated pillar serving as a suppo=
rt;
for instance, the pedicule
of a baptismal font; also the crowning of a pointed arch upon which a
statuette is placed.(1891a1) |
|
Pedicule, Arch. A small pillar which serves as a suppor=
t to
anything; whence the expressions monopediculated (with a single pe=
dicule)
(Fig. 387), and polypediculated
(with several pedicules).(1883m1)
|
![](3D"pe_files/image043.gif")
$H Pediluvium. (See ABLUTIONS.) (1883m1)
$H Pediment. Architecture
Pediment, Arch. The
triangular crowning of a portico, usually supported by a row of columns.
(Fig. 26.) The temples of antiquity generally had two pediments, one on e=
ach
face. The inner part of the pediment is called the TYMPANUM (q.v.).(1883m=
1)
![](3D"pe_files/image044.gif")
Pediment. (Arch.) A =
crowning
of a building formed of two portions of oblique cornices or a circular
portion which meets the cornice of the entablature at its ends. The
façade of ancient temples was always terminated by a pediment, the=
two
sides of the pediment marking the slope of the roof. Mediaeval buildings,
too, were frequently surmounted by a pediment, which, however, was genera=
lly
known as a gable (q.v.). The pediments of the Renaissance period are as a
rule circular or broken. The pediments of ancient temples were generally
filled with groups of statues, which together represented some subject dr=
awn
from classical mythology. For instance, on one of the pediments of the
Parthenon was represented the birth of Athena from the head of Zeus.
Pediments were surmounted with Acroteria (q.v=
.). ILLUS. pedime(1891a1)
![](3D"pe_files/image045.gif")
--- $H Pe=
diment,
Angular. <=
/h2>
A pediment, the outl=
ine of
which is formed by two oblique cornices and a horizontal cornice. Pedimen=
ts
of this form are generally decorated with finials placed on their summit.=
ILLUS. pedimean(1891a1)
![](3D"pe_files/image046.gif")
--- $H Pe=
diment,
Broken.
A pediment, the late=
ral
cornices of which terminate in volutes or are cut off from the centre of =
the
pediment, so as to leave in empty space, in which a pedestal is placed
supporting a bust or statue. ILLUS. pedimebr(189=
1a1)
![](3D"pe_files/image047.gif")
--- $H Pe=
diment,
Circular. =
A pediment, the corn=
ice of
which describes an arc of a circle. In the 17th and 18th centuries this f=
orm
of pediment was in frequent use. ILLUS. pedimeci(189=
1a1)
![](3D"pe_files/image048.gif")
--- $H Pe=
diment, Couped.
A pediment is said t=
o be couped when its summit is broken, so as to give roo=
m for
a vase, statue, bust, or other ornament. ILLUS. pedimeco(189=
1a1)
![](3D"pe_files/image049.gif")
--- $H Pe=
diment,
Double.
When one pediment is
inscribed in another, the two are said to form a double pediment. The gre=
ater
serves to crown the entablature, the lesser to crown an opening or orname=
nt
set within the greater. ILLUS. pedimedo(1891a1)
![](3D"pe_files/image050.gif")
--- $H Pe=
diment,
Open.
A pediment pierced b=
y an
opening in which is a moulding encircling a b=
ull's‑eye.
ILLUS. pedimeop(1891a1)
![](3D"pe_files/image051.gif")
--- $H Pe=
diment, Surbased.
A flat pediment, the=
angle
of which is larger than a right angle. The majority of ancient temples, t=
he
façades of which were of considerable breadth, had surbased pediments. ILLUS. pedimesu(1891a1)
![](3D"pe_files/image052.gif")
--- $H Pe=
diment,
Surmounted.
A pediment, the angl=
e of
which is less than a right angle.(1891a1)
--- $H Pe=
diment,
Triangular.
A pediment in the fo=
rm of an
equilateral triangle. This kind of pediment as well a=
s the
surmounted pediment were frequently employed by the architects of =
the
Renaissance. Many chateaux of=
this
period have dormers with triangular or surmounted pediments. ILLUS. pedimetr(1891a1)
![](3D"pe_files/image053.gif")
$H Peduil.
Another form of the Ammonite royal name Buduil , which see. (1876c1)
$H Pedum.
Gen. (pes, a foot). A shepherd'=
s crook, or curved stick for catching goats or sheep b=
y the
leg. Fauns and satyrs are often represented carrying the pastoral crook, =
and
it is the attribute of Thalia, as the muse of
pastoral poetry. (See under PEPLUM.) In Egyptian archaeology it is a symb=
ol
of authority, and is frequently to be seen in the hands of Osiris and the Pharaohs; the Egyptian term for it i=
s hyq. (C=
f.
HYCSOS.) In early Christian art it is an attribute of Our Lord as the Good Shepherd. Representations o=
f the pedum are of frequent occurrence in the catacomb
paintings. (See PASTORAL STAFF.)(1883m1)
$H Pef-aa-bast.<=
span
style=3D'mso-spacerun:yes'> Egypt
The father of Patubas=
t
or Padubast, a worshipper of Apis
in the thirty-third year of Darius. (1876c1)
An Egyptian petty king of the XXIInd dynasty who, together with many others, revo=
lted
against Piankhi, king of Egypt and Ethiopia, =
who
subdued him and accepted his submission, but refused to accept his wives =
and
horses which the Egyptian offered as a present. (1876c1)
$H Pef-aa-khons.=
Egypt
The auditor of the palace of a king of the=
XXIst dynasty. His sarcophagus and mummy are in the=
British Museum
$H Pef-aa-khonsu. Egypt
An Egyptian devotee of Apis
in the XXVIth dynasty. (1876c1)
$H Pef-aa-neit.<=
span
style=3D'mso-spacerun:yes'> Egypt
A priest of Amen Ra in the XXVIth
dynasty. (1876c1)
An Egyptian functionary, the son of the pr=
ince
or prophet Sebek-se. He was "Chief of the
Treasuries of the King," "Chief of the <=
st1:PlaceName
w:st=3D"on">Great Palace ,"
and governor of the district of Abydos. He gr=
eatly
improved the district by introducing a series of watercourses, and
establishing orchards and vineyards, in the latter of which he made the
captives taken in war to act as gardeners. He caused the royal palace to =
be
considerably embellished, and made some costly presents, especially of a
sacred boat, to the tem=
ple
of Osiris
$H Pef-nifi-neith. Egypt
A prophet of the goddess Neith,
and grandfather of the following. (1876c1)
A chief of the sacrif=
iciants
of the temples of Neith, Amen, etc. His mothe=
r was
named Mert-neith, and his father Naschti or Nekht. His
sarcophagus and mummy are in the Leyden Museum
$H Pegasus.
A horse with wings; emblem of fame, eloquence, poetic
study, and contemplation. A bronze medal of Cardinal Bembo, the great Ita=
lian
author of the 16th century, in the Museum at South
Kensington , shows his device given above. (Fig. 530.) Fig. 5=
30.
Pegasus. Device of Cardinal Bembo.(1883m1)
![](3D"pe_files/image054.gif")
$H Pegma.
R. (B(:"[=3Dpegma], i.e. a =
thing
fastened).
(1)
This term denotes generally anything made of a number of boards joined
together.
(2)
In a more restricted sense it means a theatrical machine of several stage=
s (tabulata), one
above the other, which could be raised or lowered by balance weights. On =
such
stages gladiators called pegmares fought in the amphitheatres, and battles and
other scenes were represented. When they were used in sacrifices, the vic=
tim
was slaughtered in an upper stage and the priest stood in one under the
ground, and was afterwards brought up to be shown to the people with the
blood of the victim upon him. In theatres similar pegmata were employed for=
the
purpose of changing the scenery.
(3)
Lastly the term was used to denote any kind of wooden furniture or joiner=
y in
a house, such as shelves, sideboards, bookcases, &c.(1883m1)
$H Pegola. It. Greek pitch; boiled resin for v=
arnishes.(1883m1)
$H Pe-hap. Egypt
An Egyptian city, probably the Nilopolis Piankhi-Meramen . (1876c1)
$H Pe-hebi. Egypt
One of the towns of Lower
Egypt . It was held by Ankh-hor, =
the
rebel chief, against Piankhi-Meramen. (1876c1=
)
$H Pe-he-mato. Egypt
A part of the necropolis of the city of Coptos.
(1876c1)
$H Pe-hon-neter.=
Egypt
A =
Sam
and "Chief of the Works of Pthah" i=
n the
period of the XIXth dynasty. (1876c1)
$H Pehu. Egypt
The Egyptian general name of the frontier =
town
of each of the twenty-two nomes into which the
kingdom was divided. (1876c1)
$H Peisdadien. Persia
A name given by the Persian historians to =
a primaeval dynasty of kings, "Men of the Ancient
Law," who lived on pure homa (water of life), and who preserved their sanctity.
(1876c1)
$H Pekah.
Pekah. Assyrian, Pakakhu. A king of Israel . He
was son of Remaliah, probably from the land
of Gilead , and murdered Pekahi=
ah,
king of Samaria ,
whose throne be usurped. He allied himself with Rezon of Damascus, and
Metinti of Ascalon, and carried on a successful war with Judah
$H Pakakhu [See Pekah
– Editor]
$H Pekalel. Egypt
An Unidentified Egyptian, Town, The Ruler =
Of
Which Was One Of The Rebels Defeated By Piankhi-Mera=
men.
(1876c1)
$H Pekhi. Egypt
A king of the XXIInd<=
/span>
dynasty, the successor of Sheshonk III. He was
succeeded by Sheshonk IV., the last king of t=
hat
dynasty. (1876c1)
$H Pekhrari. Egypt
An Egyptian officer who was called the
"Chief of the Shepherds." His period is uncertain. (1876c1)
$H Pediment. Architecture
|
Pediment, Arch. The
triangular crowning of a portico, usually supported by a row of columns.
(Fig. 26.) The temples of antiquity generally had two pediments, one on e=
ach
face. The inner part of the pediment is called the TYMPANUM (q.v.).(1883m=
1)
|
|
Pediment. (Arch.) A =
crowning
of a building formed of two portions of oblique cornices or a circular
portion which meets the cornice of the entablature at its ends. The
façade of ancient temples was always terminated by a pediment, the=
two
sides of the pediment marking the slope of the roof. Mediaeval buildings,
too, were frequently surmounted by a pediment, which, however, was genera=
lly
known as a gable (q.v.). The pediments of the Renaissance period are as a
rule circular or broken. The pediments of ancient temples were generally
filled with groups of statues, which together represented some subject dr=
awn
from classical mythology. For instance, on one of the pediments of the
Parthenon was represented the birth of Athena from the head of Zeus.
Pediments were surmounted with Acroteria (q.v=
.). ILLUS. pedime(1891a1)
|
--- $H Pe= diment, Angular. <= /h2>
|
A pediment, the outl=
ine of
which is formed by two oblique cornices and a horizontal cornice. Pedimen=
ts
of this form are generally decorated with finials placed on their summit.=
ILLUS. pedimean(1891a1)
|
--- $H Pe= diment, Broken.
|
A pediment, the late=
ral
cornices of which terminate in volutes or are cut off from the centre of =
the
pediment, so as to leave in empty space, in which a pedestal is placed
supporting a bust or statue. ILLUS. pedimebr(189=
1a1)
|
--- $H Pe= diment, Circular. =
|
A pediment, the corn=
ice of
which describes an arc of a circle. In the 17th and 18th centuries this f=
orm
of pediment was in frequent use. ILLUS. pedimeci(189=
1a1)
|
--- $H Pe= diment, Couped.
|
A pediment is said t=
o be couped when its summit is broken, so as to give roo=
m for
a vase, statue, bust, or other ornament. ILLUS. pedimeco(189=
1a1)
|
--- $H Pe= diment, Double.
|
When one pediment is
inscribed in another, the two are said to form a double pediment. The gre=
ater
serves to crown the entablature, the lesser to crown an opening or orname=
nt
set within the greater. ILLUS. pedimedo(1891a1)
|
--- $H Pe= diment, Open.
|
A pediment pierced b=
y an
opening in which is a moulding encircling a b=
ull's‑eye.
ILLUS. pedimeop(1891a1)
|
--- $H Pe= diment, Surbased.
|
A flat pediment, the=
angle
of which is larger than a right angle. The majority of ancient temples, t=
he
façades of which were of considerable breadth, had surbased pediments. ILLUS. pedimesu(1891a1)
|
--- $H Pe= diment, Surmounted.
|
A pediment, the angl=
e of
which is less than a right angle.(1891a1) |
--- $H Pe= diment, Triangular.
|
A pediment in the fo=
rm of an
equilateral triangle. This kind of pediment as well a=
s the
surmounted pediment were frequently employed by the architects of =
the
Renaissance. Many chateaux of=
this
period have dormers with triangular or surmounted pediments. ILLUS. pedimetr(1891a1)
|
$H Peduil.
|
Another form of the Ammonite royal name |
$H Pedum.
|
Gen. (pes, a foot). A shepherd'=
s crook, or curved stick for catching goats or sheep b=
y the
leg. Fauns and satyrs are often represented carrying the pastoral crook, =
and
it is the attribute of Thalia, as the muse of
pastoral poetry. (See under PEPLUM.) In Egyptian archaeology it is a symb=
ol
of authority, and is frequently to be seen in the hands of Osiris and the Pharaohs; the Egyptian term for it i=
s hyq. (C=
f.
HYCSOS.) In early Christian art it is an attribute of Our Lord as the Good Shepherd. Representations o=
f the pedum are of frequent occurrence in the catacomb
paintings. (See PASTORAL STAFF.)(1883m1) |
$H Pef-aa-bast.<=
span
style=3D'mso-spacerun:yes'> Egypt
|
The father of Patubas=
t
or Padubast, a worshipper of Apis
in the thirty-third year of Darius. (1876c1) |
|
An Egyptian petty king of the XXIInd dynasty who, together with many others, revo=
lted
against Piankhi, king of Egypt and Ethiopia, =
who
subdued him and accepted his submission, but refused to accept his wives =
and
horses which the Egyptian offered as a present. (1876c1) |
$H Pef-aa-khons.=
Egypt
|
The auditor of the palace of a king of the=
XXIst dynasty. His sarcophagus and mummy are in the=
|
$H Pef-aa-khonsu. Egypt
|
An Egyptian devotee of Apis
in the XXVIth dynasty. (1876c1) |
$H Pef-aa-neit.<=
span
style=3D'mso-spacerun:yes'> Egypt
|
A priest of Amen Ra in the XXVIth
dynasty. (1876c1) |
|
An Egyptian functionary, the son of the pr=
ince
or prophet Sebek-se. He was "Chief of the
Treasuries of the King," "Chief of the |
$H Pef-nifi-neith. Egypt
|
A prophet of the goddess Neith,
and grandfather of the following. (1876c1) |
|
A chief of the sacrif=
iciants
of the temples of Neith, Amen, etc. His mothe=
r was
named Mert-neith, and his father Naschti or Nekht. His
sarcophagus and mummy are in the |
$H Pegasus.
|
A horse with wings; emblem of fame, eloquence, poetic
study, and contemplation. A bronze medal of Cardinal Bembo, the great Ita=
lian
author of the 16th century, in the Museum at
|
$H Pegma.
|
R. (B(:"[=3Dpegma], i.e. a =
thing
fastened). (1)
This term denotes generally anything made of a number of boards joined
together. (2)
In a more restricted sense it means a theatrical machine of several stage=
s (tabulata), one
above the other, which could be raised or lowered by balance weights. On =
such
stages gladiators called pegmares fought in the amphitheatres, and battles and
other scenes were represented. When they were used in sacrifices, the vic=
tim
was slaughtered in an upper stage and the priest stood in one under the
ground, and was afterwards brought up to be shown to the people with the
blood of the victim upon him. In theatres similar pegmata were employed for=
the
purpose of changing the scenery. (3)
Lastly the term was used to denote any kind of wooden furniture or joiner=
y in
a house, such as shelves, sideboards, bookcases, &c.(1883m1) |
$H Pegola. It. Greek pitch; boiled resin for v= arnishes.(1883m1)
$H Pe-hap. Egypt
|
An Egyptian city, probably the |
$H Pe-hebi. Egypt
|
One of the towns of |
$H Pe-he-mato. Egypt
|
A part of the necropolis of the city of |
$H Pe-hon-neter.=
Egypt
|
A =
Sam
and "Chief of the Works of Pthah" i=
n the
period of the XIXth dynasty. (1876c1) |
$H Pehu. Egypt
|
The Egyptian general name of the frontier =
town
of each of the twenty-two nomes into which the
kingdom was divided. (1876c1) |
$H Peisdadien. Persia
|
A name given by the Persian historians to =
a primaeval dynasty of kings, "Men of the Ancient
Law," who lived on pure homa (water of life), and who preserved their sanctity.
(1876c1) |
$H Pekah.
|
Pekah. Assyrian, Pakakhu. A king of |
$H Pakakhu [See Pekah – Editor]
$H Pekalel. Egypt
|
An Unidentified Egyptian, Town, The Ruler =
Of
Which Was One Of The Rebels Defeated By Piankhi-Mera=
men.
(1876c1) |
$H Pekhi. Egypt
|
A king of the XXIInd<=
/span>
dynasty, the successor of Sheshonk III. He was
succeeded by Sheshonk IV., the last king of t=
hat
dynasty. (1876c1) |
$H Pekhrari. Egypt
|
An Egyptian officer who was called the
"Chief of the Shepherds." His period is uncertain. (1876c1) |