$H X (The syllable &g= t;L&l= t;‑[=3Dxun‑] in = Greek is generally rendered Syn, q.v.) (1883m1)

X. The Roman numeral= for ten.(1883m1)

$H Xanthian Marbles.

Sculptures found in = 1838 at Xanthus, in ancient Lycia, now in the British Museum. The figures are Assyrian= in character, and of a date not later than 500 B.C. Besides the so‑cal= led Harpy tomb (see HARPIES), there are sieges, processions, and many figures= , in the energetic action so remarkable in the Nineveh sculptures. Most of the figur= es are in profile; but the eyes, like those of Egyptian sculptures, are shown in full.(1883m1)

$H Xathrites.

An Assyrian leader, whose proper name was = Phraortes. He-incited the Assyrians to rebel against Darius Hystaspes, but unsuccessfully, as he w= as defeated and slain by Vomises, the general of Darius, = at the town of Achitu. (1876c1)

$H Xebec.

A small lateen‑= ;rigged three‑masted vessel, common in the Mediterranean.(1883m1)

$H Xenagia.

Gr. (>,<"(\"[=3Dxenagia]). A su= bdivision of the Greek army consisting of 256 men, and subdivided into four tetrarchies, commanded by the = Xenagos, an officer appoi= nted by the Spartans, who had the control of the armies of the Greek states.(1883m1)

$H Xen= ia.

Gr. (>X<4"[=3Dxenia], lit. friendly gifts).

(1) Delicacies, dain= ties, or pastry which were sent to one another by the G= reeks and Romans as a pledge of friendship, chiefly during the Saturnalia.

(2) Decorations to t= he walls of guest‑chambers consi= sting of paintings of still life representing game, fruits, fish, and flowers.(1883m1)

$H Xenodochium.

R. (= >,<@‑*@P,Ã@<[=3Dxeno‑docheion). = A low‑Latin term for a hospice intended f= or the reception of pilgrims and sick persons. Childebert founded a xe= nodochium at Lyons in the 6th century.(1883m1)

$H Xerophagia.

Chr. (>0D@‑N"(\"[=3Dxero‑phagia]). A six days' fast throughout Holy Week, during which the Christians of the primitive Church eat only bread with a little salt, and drank nothing but water.(1883m1)

$H Xerxes.

In Egypt - See PERSIANS.(1902b1)

Xerxes. "Warrior." A king of Persia, and the second son of Darius Hystaspes, whom he succeeded, B.C. 485. The principal event of his life, viz., his invasion of Greece, belongs to the annals of Classic history: but his name, written Khshairsh= a, occurs on the monuments of Egypt, that country being then a Persian province. Disregarding the policy of his father, Xerxes treated the Egyptians with great severity, and with equal rigour he governed the conquered empire of Babylonia, delivering up the c= ity of Babylon to a complete pillage, and ca= rrying off to Persia the golden statue of Nebo and the treasures of the temple tomb of Bel Merodach. The name of Xerxes has also been found written in Cuneiform, Babylonian, Persian, and Median characters, and in Hieroglyphics on an Egyptian alabaster vase, recently discovered in the ruins of the mausoleu= m at Halicarnassus. After an inglorious reign of twenty years, Xerxes was assassinated by Artabanus, B.C. 465. (1876c1)

$H Xesbet-ma. Egypt

The Egyptian name of the blue stone, gener= ally known as lapis lazuli, which was much used for amulets, statues, and decorations, especially in the later dynasties. (1876c1)

$H Xestes.

Gr. (Lat. Sextarius). A Greek measure of capacity; very nearl= y a pint; equivalent to the Latin SEXTARIUS.(1883m1)

$H Xisuthrus.

Xisuthrus= . According to G= reek tradition the hero of the Flood. = See Adra-hasis and Sisit. (1876c1)

Sisuthrus= . Or Xisuthrus. In Grecian mythology the hero of the Flood. His name has been supposed to have been Accadian, and to have m= eant Susru, "The Founder." (Sayce.) (1876c1)

Xisuthrus= . According to <= span class=3DSpellE>Berosus the tenth and last of the antediluvian king= s of Babylon. The dy= nasty of which he was chief is said to have reigned for 432,000 years. (1876c1)

$H Xoanon. Sculpture

(Sculp.) The earliest statue= s of gods fashioned by the Greeks were rude wooden images, resembling a pillar rather than the human form. An awkward attempt, however, was made to trace the features and outlines of a human being upon the rough pillar. Legend = said that the xoa= na fell from heaven, and long after Greek sculptors had acquired technical skill over their material, the xoana were held in the greatest reverence.(1891a1)

$H = Xochiquetzal. Mexico

In Mexican mythology the wife of the patri= arch Coxcox. She together with her husband survive= d the great Deluge, and re-established the human race. (1876c1)

$H = Xois. Egypt

Xois,= or Chois. The Greek nam= e for Chasuut, the capital of the sixt= h nome of Lower Egypt, the modern Sakha. Chief deity, Amen Ra.(1902b1)

Xois.= A town in the Delta anciently called Aaskh, but now Sakha. It was= the seat of empire of the XIVth Egyptian dynasty. (1876c1)<= /p>

$H = Xoïtes. Egypt

Egyp. A nome or division of Lower Eg= ypt, the capital of which was Khsonou; Ammon‑Ra wa= s the principal deity there worshipped.(1883m1)

$H Xonsu.

Xonsu. Or Khonsu. An Egyptian queen or queen consort of the XIth dynasty. Perhaps another wife of Antef III. (1876c1)

$H Xulli.

A king of Tubal who paid tribute to the Assyrians. He was succeeded by his son Ambaris, who was carried off to Nineveh, by Sargon II., king of Assyria. (1876c= 1)

$H Xylography. Wood‑engraving (q.v.).(1883m1)

The art of engraving letters upon wood, and of executing ornamental letters to illustrate books.(1891a1)

$H Xylographer. One who cuts drawings upon wood.(1891a1)

$H Xylographic.

That which belongs or has reference to the processes of = wood cutting.(1891a1)

$H Xylography. [See Wood-engraving - Editor]<= /o:p>

The art of cutting drawings upon wood.(1891a1)

$H Xylon.

Gr. (lit. wood). A G= reek measure of length, equal to 4 feet and 6.6 inches.(1883m1)

$H Xylopyrography.

Poker‑painting= ; the art of burning pictures on to wood.(1883m1)

$H Xyneciae.

Gr. (FL<‑@\64"[=3Dsun‑oikia= ]). Festivals held at Athens in honour of Minerva, to commemorate the unio= n of the inhabitants of Attica into a single city. These festivals were instituted by Theseus, and held every year in the month of July. Another name for them was Metoeciae (:,J@\64"4[=3Dmetoikiai]).(18= 83m1)

$H Xyst. Architecture

(Arch.) A hall or portico, in which Greek and Roman athl= etes exercised themselves.(1891a1)

$H Xystus.

Gr. (>LFJ`H[=3Dxustos]). A cov= ered place situated near a portico, within which, in a palaestr= a or stadium, athletes went through their exercises. P= ausanias tells us that this part of the stadium received its name from the fact th= at Hercules used every day to clear out the palaestra at Elis in order to inure himself to toil, an= d that he tore up many weeds by scraping (>bT[=3Dxuo], to scrape= , >LFJ`H[=3Dxustos]). The b= aths and thermae at Rome were furnished with large xysti, in which you= ng men went through a number of exercises. The term xystus was also generally applied by the Romans to the beds of rare flowers and shrubs in the centr= e of the peristyle; it also denoted a garden walk perfectly straight, and planted in a regular style; and lastly, an open w= alk or terrace in a garden attached to any building.(1883m1)